Resolving Disks & Mergers in $z\sim 2$ Heavily Reddened Quasars and their Companion Galaxies with ALMA

Abstract

We present sub-arcsecond resolution ALMA imaging of the CO(3-2) emission in two $z\sim 2.5$ heavily reddened quasars (HRQs) - ULASJ1234+0907 and ULASJ2315+0143 - and their companion galaxies. Dynamical modeling of the resolved velocity fields enables us to constrain the molecular gas morphologies and host galaxy masses. Combining the new data with extensive multi-wavelength observations, we are able to study the relative kinematics of different molecular emission lines, the molecular gas fractions and the locations of the quasars on the M${}_{\mathrm{BH}}$-M${}_{\mathrm{gal}}$ relation. Despite having similar black-hole properties, the two HRQs display markedly different host galaxy properties and local environments. J1234 has a very massive host, M${}_{\mathrm{dyn}}\sim 5\times 10^{11}$M${}_{\odot }$ and two companion galaxies that are similarly massive located within 200 kpc of the quasar. The molecular gas fraction is low ($\sim$6%). The significant ongoing star formation in the host galaxy is entirely obscured at rest-frame UV and optical wavelengths. J2315 is resolved into a close-separation major-merger ($\Delta$r=15 kpc; $\Delta$v=170 km/s) with a $\sim$1:2 mass ratio. The total dynamical mass is estimated to be $\lesssim$10${}^{11}$M${}_{\odot }$ and the molecular gas fraction is high ($>$45%). A new HSC image of the galaxy shows unobscured UV-luminous star-forming regions co-incident with the extended reservoir of cold molecular gas in the merger. We use the outputs from the Illustris simulations to track the growth of such massive black holes from $z\sim 6$ to the present day. While J1234 is consistent with the simulated $z\sim 2$ relation, J2315 has a black hole that is over-massive relative to its host galaxy.

18 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (47)

• Cold streams in early massive hot haloes as the main mode of galaxy formation
• A Cosmological Framework for the Co-Evolution of Quasars, Supermassive Black Holes, and Elliptical Galaxies: I. Galaxy Mergers & Quasar Activity
• A Catalog of Quasar Properties from SDSS DR7
• Properties of galaxies reproduced by a hydrodynamic simulation
• High-Resolution Rotation Curves and Galaxy Mass Models from THINGS
• The Illustris simulation: the evolving population of black holes across cosmic time
• Evidence for Quasar Activity Triggered by Galaxy Mergers in HST Observations of Dust-reddened Quasars
• Star formation in a galactic outflow
• Blowin' in the wind: both `negative' and `positive' feedback in an obscured high-z Quasar
• Growth and activity of black holes in galaxy mergers with varying mass ratios
• Very extended cold gas, star formation and outflows in the halo of a bright QSO at z>6
• Half of the Most Luminous Quasars May Be Obscured: Investigating the Nature of WISE-Selected Hot, Dust-Obscured Galaxies
• Weighing the Black Holes in z~2 Submillimeter-Emitting Galaxies Hosting Active Galactic Nuclei
• The identification of z-dropouts in Pan-STARRS1: three quasars at 6.5<z<6.7
• Mapping galaxy encounters in numerical simulations: The spatial extent of induced star formation
• Testing the Evolutionary Link Between Submillimetre Galaxies and Quasars: CO Observations of QSOs at z~2
• Star formation rate and dynamical mass of 10^8 solar mass black hole host galaxies at redshift 6
• Interacting galaxies on FIRE-2: The connection between enhanced star formation and interstellar gas content
• ALMA Observations Show Major Mergers Among the Host Galaxies of Fast-growing, High-redshift Supermassive Black Holes
• SUPER-II: Spatially resolved ionized gas kinematics and scaling relations in z~2 AGN host galaxies
• LITTLE THINGS in 3D: robust determination of the circular velocity of dwarf irregular galaxies
• Extremely Red Quasars in BOSS
• Heavily reddened type 1 quasars at z > 2 I: Evidence for significant obscured black-hole growth at the highest quasar luminosities
• Galaxy-wide outflows in z$\sim$1.5 luminous obscured QSOs revealed through NIR slit-resolved spectroscopy
• A wide dispersion in star formation rate and dynamical mass of 10^8 solar mass black hole host galaxies at redshift 6
• Molecular gas in three z~7 quasar host galaxies
• The M_BH - M_star relation for X-ray obscured, red QSOs at 1.2< z <2.6
• ALMA Observations of Gas-Rich Galaxies in z~1.6 Galaxy Clusters: Evidence for Higher Gas Fractions in High-Density Environments
• Spitzer Observations of Young Red Quasars
• The WISSH QSOs project IX. Cold gas content and environment of luminous QSOs at z~2.4-4.7
• The Discovery of Gas-Rich, Dusty Starbursts in Luminous Reddened Quasars at $z\sim 2.5$ with ALMA
• Gas dynamics of a luminous $z$ = 6.13 quasar ULAS J1319$+$0950 revealed by ALMA high resolution observations
• Environmental impacts on molecular gas in protocluster galaxies at z~2
• Exploring SMBH Assembly with Semi-analytic Modelling
• Dynamical Characterization of Galaxies at z~4-6 via Tilted Ring Fitting to ALMA [CII] Observations
• Kinematics of CIV and [OIII] emission in luminous high-redshift quasars
• BR1202-0725: An Extreme Multiple Merger at z = 4.7
• [OIII] Emission Line Properties in a New Sample of Heavily Reddened Quasars at $z>2$
• Enhanced UV radiation and dense clumps in Mrk231's molecular outflow
• A non-corotating gas component in an extreme starburst at z=4.3
• The Hunt for Red Quasars: Luminous Obscured Black Hole Growth Unveiled in the Stripe 82 X-ray Survey
• Cosmological simulations of quasar fueling to sub-parsec scales using Lagrangian hyper-refinement
• From spirals to lenticulars: evidence from the rotation curves and mass models of three early-type galaxies
• SMM J04135+10277: A distant QSO-starburst system caught by ALMA
• UV-Luminous, Star-Forming Hosts of z~2 Reddened Quasars in the Dark Energy Survey
• Alma Reveals A Gas-rich, Maximum-starburst In The Hyperluminous, Dust-obscured Quasar W0533-3401 AT $z\sim 2.9$
• A SCUBA-2 850$\mu$m Survey of Heavily Reddened Quasars at z~2

Cited by in corpus (12)

• The interstellar medium distribution, gas kinematics, and system dynamics of the far-infrared luminous quasar SDSS J2310+1855 at $z=6.0$
• Red quasars blow out molecular gas from galaxies during the peak of cosmic star formation
• Comparing the host galaxy ages of X-ray selected AGN in COSMOS: Obscured AGN are associated with older galaxies
• SUPER VII. Morphology and kinematics of H$\alpha$ emission in AGN host galaxies at Cosmic noon using SINFONI
• A Big Red Dot: Scattered light, host galaxy signatures and multi-phase gas flows in a luminous, heavily reddened quasar at cosmic noon
• Accretion and Obscuration in Merger-Dominated Luminous Red Quasars
• The SUPERCOLD-CGM survey: \\ I. Probing the extended CO(4-3) Emission of the Circumglactic medium in a sample of 10 Enormous Ly$\alpha$ Nebulae at $z\sim 2$
• Luck of the Irish? A companion of the Cloverleaf connected by a bridge of molecular gas
• Remarkably high mass and high velocity dispersion of molecular gas associated with a regular, absorption-selected type-I quasar
• An ALMA Band 7 survey of SDSS/Herschel quasars in Stripe 82: I. The properties of the 870 micron counterparts
• ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at $z\sim 3$. II. A dynamically cold and massive disk galaxy in the proximity of a hyperluminous quasar
• BASS XXX: Distribution Functions of DR2 Eddington-ratios, Black Hole Masses, and X-ray Luminosities