Projected Rotational Velocities and Fundamental Properties of Low-Mass Pre-Main Sequence Stars in the Taurus-Auriga Star Forming Region

Abstract

The projected stellar rotational velocity ($v\sin i$) is critical for our understanding of processes related to the evolution of angular momentum in pre-main sequence stars. We present $v\sin i$ measurements of high-resolution infrared and optical spectroscopy for 70 pre-main sequence stars in the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region, in addition to effective temperatures measured from line-depth ratios, and stellar rotation periods determined from optical photometry. From the literature, we identified the stars in our sample that show evidence of residing in circumstellar disks or multiple systems. The comparison of infrared $v\sin i$ measurements calculated using two techniques shows a residual scatter of $\sim$ 1.8 km s${}^{-1}$, defining a typical error floor for the $v\sin i$ of pre-main sequence stars from infrared spectra. A comparison of the $v\sin i$ distributions of stars with and without companions shows that binaries/multiples typically have a higher measured $v\sin i$, which may be caused by contamination by companion lines, shorter disk lifetimes in binary systems, or tidal interactions in hierarchical triples. A comparison of optical and infrared $v\sin i$ values shows no significant difference regardless of whether the star has a disk or not, indicating that CO contamination from the disk does not impact $v\sin i$ measurements above the typical $\sim$ 1.8 km s${}^{-1}$ error floor of our measurements. Finally, we observe a lack of a correlation between the $v\sin i$, presence of a disk, and H-R diagram position, which indicates a complex interplay between stellar rotation and evolution of pre-main sequence stars.

arXiv comment20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (65)

• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS)
• Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-Main Sequence Stars
• The generalised Lomb-Scargle periodogram. A new formalism for the floating-mean and Keplerian periodograms
• The K2 Mission: Characterization and Early results
• The Wavelength Dependence of Interstellar Extinction from 1.25 to 8.0 microns Using GLIMPSE Data
• Observational Constraints on the Formation and Evolution of Binary Stars
• An Optical Spectroscopic Study of T Tauri Stars. I. Photospheric Properties
• Tertiary companions to close spectroscopic binaries
• The Magnetic Fields of Classical T Tauri Stars
• Accretion-powered Stellar Winds as a Solution to the Stellar Angular Momentum Problem
• The Role of Multiplicity in Disk Evolution and Planet Formation
• The Angular Momentum Evolution of Very Low Mass Stars
• A catalogue of rotation and activity in early-M stars
• K2SC: Flexible systematics correction and detrending of K2 light curves using Gaussian Process regression
• The Coevality of Young Binary Systems
• Close Companions to Young Stars. I. A Large Spectroscopic Survey in Chamaeleon I and Taurus-Auriga
• The Evolution of Stellar Rotation and the hydrogen atmospheres of habitable-zone Terrestrial Planets
• Results of the ROTOR-program. II. The long-term photometric variability of weak-line T Tauri stars
• The spin of accreting stars: dependence on magnetic coupling to the disc
• New periodic variable stars coincident with ROSAT sources discovered using SuperWASP
• The Stellar Membership of the Taurus Star-forming Region
• Precise time-series photometry for the Kepler-2.0 mission
• Older and Colder: The impact of starspots on pre-main sequence stellar evolution
• A Candidate Young Massive Planet in Orbit around the Classical T Tauri Star CI Tau
• Rotation of Low-Mass Stars in Taurus with K2
• A Survey for New Members of Taurus from Stellar to Planetary Masses
• SPECIES I: Spectroscopic Parameters and atmosphEric ChemIstriEs of Stars
• Magnetic Inflation and Stellar Mass II: On the Radii of Single, Rapidly Rotating, Fully Convective M Dwarf Stars
• The Angular Momentum Evolution of 0.1-10 Msun Stars From the Birthline to the Main Sequence
• The brown dwarf desert as a consequence of orbital migration
• Extended Main Sequence Turnoffs in Open Clusters as Seen by Gaia: I. NGC 2818 and the Role of Stellar Rotation
• A Young Planet Search in Visible and IR Light: DN Tau, V836 Tau, and V827 Tau
• Effect of the stellar spin history on the tidal evolution of close-in planets
• Rotational Velocities and Radii of Pre-Main-Sequence Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• New Tests of Magnetospheric Accretion in T Tauri Stars
• A Search for Giant Planet Companions to T Tauri Stars
• The Impact of Hot Jupiters on the Spin-down of their Host Stars
• A Tale of Two Anomalies: Depletion, Dispersion, and the Connection Between the Stellar Lithium Spread and Inflated Radii on the Pre-Main Sequence
• Chemical composition of the Taurus-Auriga association
• Characterizing TW Hydra
• The magnetic propeller accretion regime of LkCa 15
• The Distances to Molecular Clouds at High Galactic Latitudes based on GAIA DR2
• Observational studies of stellar rotation
• A 3D Search for Companions to 12 Nearby M-Dwarfs
• Disk-Braking in Young Stars: Probing Rotation in Chamaeleon I and Taurus-Auriga
• A Correlation Between Circumstellar Disks and Rotation in the Upper Scorpius OB Association
• Stellar rotation and the extended main sequence turnoff in the open cluster NGC 5822
• Star Spot Induced Radial Velocity Variability in LkCa 19
• Evolution of star-planet systems under magnetic braking and tidal interaction
• Angular Momentum Evolution of Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• The Variability and Rotation of Pre-main Sequence Stars in IC 348: Does Intracluster Environment Influence Stellar Rotation?
• Rotation Effects in Classical T Tauri Stars
• Measuring the magnetic field of young stars using iSHELL observations: BP Tau and V347 Aur
• The Rotational Evolution of Young, Binary M Dwarfs
• Improved Main Sequence Turnoff Ages of Young Open Clusters: Multicolor UBV Techniques & the Challenges of Rotation
• Spectroscopy and kinematics of low-mass members of young moving groups
• Testing Disk-Locking in NGC 2264
• Effective Temperatures of Low-Mass Stars from High-Resolution H-band Spectroscopy
• Modification of the MOOG spectral synthesis codes to account for Zeeman broadening of spectral lines
• Explaining the Observed Relation Between Stellar Activity and Rotation
• On the Fast Magnetic Rotator Regime of Stellar Winds
• Protostellar spin-down: a planetary lift?
• Vsini-s for late-type stars from spectral synthesis in K-band region
• Stellar magnetism, winds and their effects on planetary environments
• The formation of (very) slowly rotating stars

Cited by in corpus (6)

• A Tendency Toward Alignment in Single-Star Warm Jupiter Systems
• GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT). IV. Accretion properties of the Taurus-Auriga young association
• The IGRINS YSO Survey I. Stellar parameters of pre-main sequence stars in Taurus-Auriga
• The ODYSSEUS Survey. Motivation and First Results: Accretion, Ejection, and Disk Irradiation of CVSO 109
• Orbital parameters and activity of ZZ Tau -- a low mass young binary with circumbinary disc
• Rotational Velocities and Radii Estimates of Low-Mass Pre-Main Sequence Stars in NGC 2264