FIRST J153350.8+272729: the radio afterglow of a decades-old tidal disruption event

Abstract

We present the discovery of the fading radio transient FIRST J153350.8+272729. The source had a maximum observed 5-GHz radio luminosity of $8\times 10^{39}$ erg s${}^{-1}$ in 1986, but by 2019 had faded by a factor of nearly 400. It is located 0.15 arcsec from the center of a galaxy (SDSS J153350.89+272729) at 147 Mpc, which shows weak Type II Seyfert activity. We show that a tidal disruption event (TDE) is the preferred scenario for FIRST J153350.8+272729, although it could plausibly be interpreted as the afterglow of a long-duration gamma-ray burst. This is only the second TDE candidate to be first discovered at radio wavelengths. Its luminosity fills a gap between the radio afterglows of sub-relativistic TDEs in the local universe, and relativistic TDEs at high redshifts. The unusual properties of FIRST J153350.8+272729 (ongoing nuclear activity in the host galaxy, high radio luminosity) motivate more extensive TDE searches in untargeted radio surveys.

10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, submitted to AAS Journals (ApJ)

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• Transient radio emission from low-redshift galaxies at z<0.3 revealed by VLASS and FIRST surveys
• Searching for Radio Transients with Inverted Spectra in Epoch 1 of VLASS and VCSS, and Identification of a Sample of Candidate Relativistic Nuclear Transients
• What Do Radio Emission Constraints Tell Us About Little Red Dots as Tidal Disruption Events?