Search for gravitational waves from the coalescence of sub-solar mass and eccentric compact binaries

Abstract

We present the first search for gravitational waves from sub-solar mass compact-binary mergers which allows for non-negligible orbital eccentricity. Sub-solar mass black holes are a signature of primordial origin black holes, which may be a component of dark matter. To produce binary coalescences, primordial black holes may form close binaries either in the early universe or more recently through dynamical interactions. A signature of dynamical formation would be the observation of non-circularized orbits. We search for black hole mergers where the primary mass is $0.1-7M_{\odot }$ and the secondary mass is $0.1-1M_{\odot }$. We allow for eccentricity up to $\sim 0.3$ at a dominant-mode gravitational-wave frequency of 10 Hz for binaries with at least one component with mass $>0.5M_{\odot }$. We find no convincing candidates in the public LIGO data. The two most promising candidates have a false alarm rate of 1 per 3 and 4 years, respectively, which combined is only a $\sim 2.4\sigma$ deviation from the expected Poisson rate. Given the marginal statistical significance, we place upper limits on the rate of sub-solar mass mergers under the assumption of a null observation and compare how these limits may inform the possible dark matter contribution.

7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Supplementary material at https://github.com/gwastro/subsolar-ecc-primordial-search, v2 fixes minor typos

References in corpus (29)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• GWTC-2: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run
• GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 M${}_{\odot }$ Black Hole with a 2.6 M${}_{\odot }$ Compact Object
• GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot }$
• Pulsational Pair-Instability Supernovae
• GW190412: Observation of a Binary-Black-Hole Coalescence with Asymmetric Masses
• Primordial Black Holes as a dark matter candidate
• Open data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• The merger rate of primordial-black-hole binaries
• The Effect of Pair-Instability Mass Loss on Black Hole Mergers
• GW190521: orbital eccentricity and signatures of dynamical formation in a binary black hole merger signal
• The LIGO Open Science Center
• 2-OGC: Open Gravitational-wave Catalog of binary mergers from analysis of public Advanced LIGO and Virgo data
• The Evolution of Massive Helium Stars Including Mass Loss
• Primordial Black Holes Confront LIGO/Virgo data: Current situation
• The Evolution of Primordial Black Holes and their Final Observable Spins
• Orbital eccentricities in primordial black holes binaries
• Minding the gap: GW190521 as a straddling binary
• GW190521 may be an intermediate mass ratio inspiral
• Confusing Head-On Collisions with Precessing Intermediate-Mass Binary Black Hole Mergers
• Search for Eccentric Binary Neutron Star Mergers in the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO
• Binary Black Hole Mergers from LIGO/Virgo O1 and O2: Population Inference Combining Confident and Marginal Events
• The Loudest Event Statistic: General Formulation, Properties and Applications
• Impact of eccentricity on the gravitational wave searches for binary black holes: High mass case
• Search for gravitational waves from high-mass-ratio compact-binary mergers of stellar mass and sub-solar mass black holes
• Systematic errors in estimation of gravitational-wave candidate significance
• Prospects for detecting gravitational waves from eccentric subsolar mass compact binaries
• Data Analysis Implications of Moderately Eccentric Gravitational Waves

Cited by in corpus (39)

• GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
• 4-OGC: Catalog of gravitational waves from compact-binary mergers
• 3-OGC: Catalog of gravitational waves from compact-binary mergers
• Effective-one-body multipolar waveforms for eccentric binary black holes with non-precessing spins
• Search for subsolar-mass binaries in the first half of Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run
• Broad search for gravitational waves from subsolar-mass binaries through LIGO and Virgo's third observing run
• Search for gravitational waves from the coalescence of sub-solar mass binaries in the first half of Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run
• GWTC-4.0: Updating the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog with Observations from the First Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run
• How to assess the primordial origin of single gravitational-wave events with mass, spin, eccentricity, and deformability measurements
• Can LIGO Detect Non-Annihilating Dark Matter?
• Accurate waveforms for eccentric, aligned-spin binary black holes: The multipolar effective-one-body model SEOBNRv5EHM
• Constraints on primordial black holes from LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA O3 events
• From One to Many: A Deep Learning Coincident Gravitational-Wave Search
• Detecting Subsolar-Mass Primordial Black Holes in Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals with LISA and Einstein Telescope
• Eccentric Binary Neutron Star Search Prospects for Cosmic Explorer
• Gravitational wave probes of particle dark matter: a review
• Molecular Chemistry for Dark Matter III: DarkKROME
• Gravitational wave constraints on planetary-mass primordial black holes using LIGO O3a data
• Search for eccentric NSBH and BNS mergers in the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo
• Enabling multi-messenger astronomy with continuous gravitational waves: early warning and sky localization of binary neutron stars in Einstein Telescope
• A geometric template bank for the detection of spinning low-mass compact binaries with moderate orbital eccentricity
• Applying the Viterbi Algorithm to Planetary-Mass Black Hole Searches
• Searches for Mass-Asymmetric Compact Binary Coalescence Events using Neural Networks in the LIGO/Virgo Third Observation Period
• Analysis of the subsolar-mass black hole candidate SSM200308 from the second part of the third observing run of Advanced LIGO-Virgo
• Inferring the Astrophysical Population of Gravitational Wave Sources in the Presence of Noise Transients
• Efficient Stochastic Template Bank using Inner Product Inequalities
• Method to search for inspiraling planetary-mass ultra-compact binaries using the generalized frequency-Hough transform in LIGO O3a data
• Detection of GW200105 with a targeted eccentric search
• Search for gravitational waves from eccentric binary black holes with an effective-one-body template
• Search for sub-solar mass binaries with Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• Sky localization of gravitational waves from eccentric binaries
• Hierarchical searches for subsolar-mass binaries and the third-generation gravitational wave detector era
• Gravitational waves from sub-solar mass primordial black holes
• Systematic bias due to eccentricity in parameter estimation for merging binary neutron stars : Spinning case
• Search for planetary-mass ultra-compact binaries using data from the first part of the LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA fourth observing run
• Search for sub-solar primordial black holes in low mass ratio binaries with LIGO-Virgo O2 data and implications for the primordial black hole dark matter fraction
• BinaryGFH-v2: Improved method to search for gravitational waves from sub-solar-mass, ultra-compact binaries using the Generalized Frequency-Hough Transform
• Extract non-Gaussian Features in Gravitational Wave Observation Data Using Self-Supervised Learning
• Hierarchical search for compact binary coalescences in the Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs