NOEMA Redshift Measurements of Extremely Bright Submillimeter Galaxies Near the GOODS-N

Abstract

We report spectroscopic redshift measurements for three bright submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) near the GOODS-N field, each with SCUBA-2 850 micron fluxes > 10 mJy, using the Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA). Our molecular linescan observations of these sources, which occupy a ~7 arcmin${}^2$ area outside of the HST coverage of the field, reveal that two lie at $z\sim$ 3.14. In the remaining object, we detect line emission consistent with CO(7-6), [C I], and H2O at $z$ = 4.42. The far-infrared spectral energy distributions of these galaxies, constrained by SCUBA-2, NOEMA, and Herschel/SPIRE, indicate instantaneous SFRs $\sim 4000{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }\mathrm{y}{\mathrm{r}}^{-1}$ in the $z$ = 4.42 galaxy and $\sim 2500{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }\mathrm{y}{\mathrm{r}}^{-1}$ in the two $z\sim$ 3.14 galaxies. Based on our sources' CO line luminosities, we estimate $M_{\mathrm{gas}}\sim 10^{11}{M}_{\odot }$ and find gas depletion timescales of ${\tau }_{\mathrm{depl}}\sim 50$ Myr, consistent with findings in other high-redshift SMGs. Finally, we show that the two $z\sim$ 3.14 sources, which alone occupy a volume $\sim$10 Mpc${}^3$, very likely mark the location of a protocluster of bright SMGs and less dusty optical sources.

arXiv commentNewest version: 12 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables; added references and revised arguments in Section 4, results unchanged. Accepted to ApJ. First version: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to ApJ Letters

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