Full parity phase diagram of a proximitized nanowire island

Abstract

We measure the charge periodicity of Coulomb blockade conductance oscillations of a hybrid InSb-Al island as a function of gate voltage and parallel magnetic field. The periodicity changes from $2e$ to $1e$ at a gate-dependent value of the magnetic field, $B^{\ast }$, decreasing from a high to a low limit upon increasing the gate voltage. In the gate voltage region between the two limits, which our numerical simulations indicate to be the most promising for locating Majorana zero modes, we observe correlated oscillations of peak spacings and heights. For positive gate voltages, the $2e$-$1e$ transition with low $B^{\ast }$ is due to the presence of non-topological states whose energy quickly disperses below the charging energy due to the orbital effect of the magnetic field. Our measurements demonstrate the importance of a careful exploration of the entire available phase space of a proximitized nanowire as a prerequisite to define future topological qubits.

arXiv comment5 pages, 4 figures plus supplementary. v2: improved manuscript. v3: published version. Raw data and source code available at https://doi.org/10.4121/13333451.v4

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• Recent progress on Majorana in semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures--Engineering and detection
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• Electronic transport in double-nanowire superconducting islands with multiple terminals