Modifying PyUltraLight to model scalar dark matter with self-interactions

Abstract

We introduce a modification of the PyUltraLight code that models the dynamical evolution of ultralight axionlike scalar dark matter fields. Our modified code, PySiUltraLight, adds a quartic, self-interaction term to reflect the one which arises naturally in axionlike particle models. Using a particle mass of $10^{-22}\mathrm{eV}/{\mathrm{c}}^2$, we show that PySiUltraLight produces spatially oscillating solitons, exploding solitons, and collapsing solitons which prior analytic work shows will occur with attractive self-interactions. Using our code we calculate the oscillation frequency as a function of soliton mass and equilibrium radius in the presence of attractive self-interactions. We show that when the soliton mass is below the critical mass ($M_c=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}{M}_{\max }$) described by Chavanis [arxiv:1604.05904] and the initial radius is within a specific range, solitons are unstable and explode. We test the maximum mass criteria described by Chavanis [arxiv:1604.05904] and Chavanis and Delfini [arxiv:1103.2054] for a soliton to collapse when attractive self-interactions are included. We also analyze both binary soliton collisions and a soliton rotating around a central mass with attractive and repulsive self-interactions. We find that when attractive self-interactions are included, the density profiles get distorted after a binary collision. We also find that a soliton is less susceptible to tidal stripping when attractive self-interactions are included. We find that the opposite is true for repulsive self-interactions in that solitons would be more easily tidally stripped. Including self-interactions might therefore influence the survival timescales of infalling solitons.

arXiv comment14 pages, 12 figures. To be published in Physical Review D. This paper was made to be as similar to the PRD version as possible

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• Dynamical Friction in fuzzy dark matter: circular orbits
• Recurrent Axinovae and their Cosmological Constraints
• Soliton Formation and the Core-Halo Mass Relation: An Eigenstate Perspective
• Maximum mass of relativistic self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates with repulsive or attractive $|\phi {|}^4$ self-interaction
• Kinetic relaxation and nucleation of Bose stars in self-interacting wave dark matter
• Simulations of multi-field ultralight axion-like dark matter
• i-SPin: An integrator for multicomponent Schrödinger-Poisson systems with self-interactions
• Dynamical friction in self-interacting ultralight dark matter
• Detecting dark matter oscillations with gravitational waveforms
• Solitons and halos for self-interacting scalar dark matter
• Virialized Profiles and Oscillations of Self-interacting Fuzzy Dark Matter Solitons
• Single and merger soliton dynamics in scalar field dark matter with and without self-interactions
• Dynamical reconstruction of SPARC galactic halos within self-interacting fuzzy dark matter
• Scaling relations, dynamical heating and tidal disruption in spin $s$ ultralight dark matter models
• Head-on collisions of fuzzy/cold dark matter subhalos
• Collective Excitations of Self-Gravitating Ultralight Dark Matter Cores
• Tidal disruption of solitons in self-interacting ultralight axion dark matter
• Core-halo scaling relations in self-interacting scalar field dark matter
• Effects of Self-Interaction and of an Ideal Gas in Binary Mergers of Bosonic Dark Matter Cores