Exchange-striction driven ultrafast nonthermal lattice dynamics in NiO

Abstract

We use femtosecond electron diffraction to study ultrafast lattice dynamics in the highly correlated antiferromagnetic (AF) semiconductor NiO. Using the scattering vector (Q) dependence of Bragg diffraction, we introduce a Q-resolved effective lattice temperature, and identify a nonthermal lattice state with preferential displacement of O compared to Ni ions, which occurs within ~0.3 ps and persists for 25 ps. We associate this with transient changes to the AF exchange striction-induced lattice distortion, supported by the observation of a transient Q-asymmetry of Friedel pairs. Our observation highlights the role of spin-lattice coupling in routes towards ultrafast control of spin order.

arXiv commentManuscript and supplement combined in one file

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• Spin-lattice couplings in $3d$ ferromagnets: analysis from first-principles
• Element-specific ultrafast lattice dynamics in monolayer WSe2
• Ultrafast Electron Diffraction: Visualizing Dynamic States of Matter