Proca in the sky

Abstract

The standard model of cosmology, the $\Lambda$CDM model, describes the evolution of the Universe since the Big Bang with just a few parameters, six in its basic form. Despite being the simplest model, direct late-time measurements of the Hubble constant compared with the early-universe measurements result in the so-called $H_0$ tension. It is claimed that a late time resolution is predestined to fail when different cosmological probes are combined. In this work, we shake the ground of this belief with a very simple model. We show how, in the context of cubic vector Galileon models, the Hubble tension can naturally be relieved using a combination of CMB, BAO and SNe observations without using any prior on $H_0$ . The tension can be reduced even further by including the local measurement of the Hubble constant.

arXiv comment19 pages, 9 figures

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• In the Realm of the Hubble tension $-$ a Review of Solutions
• Challenges for $\Lambda$CDM: An update
• Does Hubble Tension Signal a Breakdown in FLRW Cosmology?
• Running Hubble Tension and a H0 Diagnostic
• Can late-time extensions solve the $H_0$ and ${\sigma }_8$ tensions?
• A designer approach to $f(Q)$ gravity and cosmological implications
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• A singularity problem for interacting massive vectors
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