A comprehensive study on the variation phenomena of AO 0235+164

Abstract

The variation mechanism of blazars is a long standing open question. The polarization observation can provide us with more information to constrain models. In this work, we collect the long term multi-wavelength data of AO 0235+164, and make correlation analysis between them by using the local cross-correlation function (LCCF). We found that both $\gamma$-ray and the optical {\it V}-band light curves are correlated with the radio light curve at beyond 3$\sigma$ significance level. The emitting regions of the $\gamma$-ray and the optical coincide within errors, and locate at {$6.6_{-1.7}^{+0.6}$} pc upstream of the core region of 15 GHz, which are beyond the broad line region (BLR). The color index shows the redder when brighter (RWB) trend at the low flux state, but turns to the bluer when brighter (BWB) trend at the high flux state. While, the $\gamma$-ray spectral index always shows the softer when brighter (SWB) trend. We propose that such complex variation trends can be explained by the increasing jet component with two constant components. The {optical} PD flares and {optical} flux flares are not synchronous. It seems that one flux peak are sandwiched by two PD peaks, which have inverse rotation trajectories in the $qu$ plane. The helical jet model can schematically show these characteristics of polarization with fine tuned parameters. The change of viewing angle is suggested to be the primary variable which lead all these variations, although other possibilities like the shock in jet model or the hadronic model are not excluded completely.

arXiv comment11 pages, 12 figures, accepted in ApJ

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Detection of a quasi-periodic oscillation in the optical light curve of the remarkable blazar AO 0235+164
• The X-ray outburst of PG 1553+113: A precession effect of two jets in the supermassive black hole binary system
• Multiwavelength variability of the blazar AO 0235+164
• Multi-wavelength Variation Phenomena of PKS 0735+178 on Diverse Timescale
• The Repeating Flaring Activity of Blazar AO 0235+164
• A QPO in Mkn 421 from Archival RXTE Data
• Study of variability in long-term multiwavelength optical lightcurves of blazar AO 0235+164
• Parsec-scale jet precession and a putative supermassive binary black hole system in the blazar AO 0235+164