Free-energy transduction within autonomous systems

Abstract

The excess work required to drive a stochastic system out of thermodynamic equilibrium through a time-dependent external perturbation is directly related to the amount of entropy produced during the driving process, allowing excess work and entropy production to be used interchangeably to quantify dissipation. Given the common intuition of biological molecular machines as internally communicating work between components, it is tempting to extend this correspondence to the driving of one component of an autonomous system by another; however, no such relation between the internal excess work and entropy production exists. Here we introduce the `transduced additional free energy rate' between strongly coupled subsystems of an autonomous system, that is analogous to the excess power in systems driven by an external control parameter that receives no feedback from the system. We prove that this is a relevant measure of dissipation -- in that it equals the steady-state entropy production rate due to the downstream subsystem -- and demonstrate its advantages with a simple model system.

arXiv comment10 pages, 4 figures

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• Inferring Subsystem Efficiencies in Bipartite Molecular Machines
• Internal energy and information flows mediate input and output power in bipartite molecular machines
• Unlocking the potential of information flow: Maximizing free-energy transduction in a model of an autonomous rotary molecular motor
• Information Arbitrage in Bipartite Heat Engines
• Hidden energy flows in strongly coupled nonequilibrium systems
• Energy Transduction in Complex Networks with Multiple Resources: The Chemistry Paradigm