Time keeping and searching for new physics using metastable states of Cu, Ag and Au

Abstract

We study the prospects of using the electric quadrupole transitions from the ground states of Cu, Ag and Au to the metastable state ${}^2{\mathrm{D}}_{5/2}$ as clock transitions in optical lattice clocks. We calculate lifetimes, transition rates, systematic shifts, and demonstrate that the fractional uncertainty of the clocks can be similar to what is achieved in the best current optical clocks. The use of these proposed clocks for the search of new physics, such as time variation of the fine structure constant, search for low-mass scalar dark matter, violation of Local Position Invariance and violation of Lorenz Invariance is discussed.

arXiv comment10 pages, 2 figures

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• The Os${}^{16+}$ and Ir${}^{17+}$ ions as candidates for accurate optical clock sensitive to physics beyond standard model
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• $\mathcal{P},\mathcal{T}$-odd effects in YbCu, YbAg and YbAu
• Investigating the $4D_{3/2}|3,\pm 2⟩$--$4D_{5/2}|3,\pm 2⟩$ transition in Nb${}^{4+}$ for a THz atomic clock
• Relativistic and electron-correlation effects in static dipole polarizabilities for group 11 elements
• Prospects for optical clocks combining high sensitivity to new physics with insensitivity to perturbations; the case of Sb${}^{+}$, Au${}^{+}$, and Hg${}^{2+}$