Differences in periodic magnetic helicity injection behaviour between flaring and non-flaring Active Regions: Case Study

Abstract

The evolution of magnetic helicity has a close relationship with solar eruptions and is of interest as a predictive diagnostic. In this case study, we analyse the evolution of the normalised emergence, shearing and total magnetic helicity components in the case of three flaring and three non-flaring active regions (ARs) using SHARPs (Spaceweather Helioseismic Magnetic Imager Active Region Patches) vector magnetic field data. The evolution of the three magnetic helicity components is analysed with wavelet transforms, revealing significant common periodicities of the normalised emergence, shearing and total helicity fluxes before flares in the flaring ARs. The three non-flaring ARs do not show such common periodic behaviour. This case study suggests that the presence of significant periodicities in the power spectrum of magnetic helicity components could serve as a valuable precursor for flares.

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• Critical Science Plan for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST)
• Magnetic helicity and energy budget around large confined and eruptive solar flares
• The characteristics of flare- and CME-productive solar active regions
• Magnetic Helicity and Free Magnetic Energy as Tools to Probe Eruptions in two Differently Evolving Solar Active Regions
• On the differences in the periodic behaviour of magnetic helicity flux in flaring active regions with and without X-class events