Emergence of Transient Domain Wall Skyrmions after Ultrafast Demagnetisation

Abstract

It is known that ultrafast laser pulses can be used to deterministically switch magnetisation and create skyrmions, however the deterministic creation of a single Néel skyrmion after ultrafast demagnetisation remains an open question. Here we show domain wall skyrmions also emerge in systems with broken inversion symmetry after exposure to an ultrafast laser pulse, carrying an integer topological charge. Whilst domain wall skyrmions do not appear in the relaxed state due to quick thermal decay following an Arrhenius law, they play a key role in controlling the final skyrmion population through annihilations with skyrmions of opposite topological charge, with the resultant skyrmion states following a Poisson distribution. Using single-shot linearly polarised laser pulses, as well as a train of circularly polarised laser pulses, we show that when a high degree of disorder is created, the possibility of nucleating a single Néel skyrmion is accompanied by the possibility of nucleating a skyrmion with domain wall skyrmion pair, which results in a self-annihilation collapse.

References in corpus (5)

• Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmion at room temperature
• All-optical control of ferromagnetic thin films and nanostructures
• Dynamic approach for micromagnetics close to the Curie temperature
• Thermal fluctuations and longitudinal relaxation of single-domain magnetic particles at elevated temperatures
• Domain wall Skyrmions

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