From Uneventful Horizon to Firewall in D-Dimensional Effective Theory

Abstract

Assuming the standard effective-field-theoretic formulation of Hawking radiation, we show explicitly how a generic effective theory predicts a firewall from an initially uneventful horizon for a spherically symmetric, uncharged black hole in $D$ dimensions for $D\ge 4$. The firewall is created via higher-derivative interactions within the scrambling time after the collapsing matter enters the trapping horizon. This result manifests the trans-Planckian problem of Hawking radiation and demonstrates the incompatibility between Hawking radiation and the uneventful horizon.

14 pages, 1 figure

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• Quantum-gravitational trans-Planckian radiation by a rotating black hole
• Quantization of gravity and finite temperature effects
• A Stringy Effect on Hawking Radiation
• Final-State Condition And Dissipative Quantum Mechanics
• UV Effects and Short-Lived Hawking Radiation: Alternative Resolution of Information Paradox