Inverse magnetic catalysis -- how much do we know about?

Abstract

Some of the advances made in the literature to understand the phase transitions of quark matter in the presence of strong magnetic field and finite temperature (zero quark chemical potential) are reviewed. We start by discussing the physics behind the Magnetic catalysis (MC) at zero/finite temperature and then focus on the lattice predictions for inverse magnetic catalysis (IMC) at high temperature and strong magnetic fields. Possible explanations for the IMC are covered as well. Finally, we discuss recent efforts to modify QCD (quantum chromodynamics) effective models in order to reproduce the IMC observed on the lattice simulations. We emphasize the fact that applying thermo-magnetic effects on the coupling constant of the NJL model significantly improve the effectiveness of the NJL model to obtain a reasonable physical description of hot and magnetized quark matter being in agreement with lattice results.

Invited mini-review submitted to EPJST. v2 improved few sentences throughout the paper, added references

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• Phase diagram of QCD in a magnetic background
• QCD phase diagram in a magnetized medium from the chiral symmetry perspective: The linear sigma model with quarks and the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model effective descriptions
• Chiral condensates and screening masses of neutral pseudoscalar mesons in thermomagnetic QCD medium
• Magnetic catalysis and the chiral condensate in holographic QCD
• Light pseudo-scalar meson masses under strong magnetic fields within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
• Anisotropic pressure of magnetized quark matter with anomalous magnetic moment
• Effects of the quark anomalous magnetic moment in the chiral symmetry restoration: magnetic catalysis and inverse magnetic catalysis
• Causality violation and the speed of sound of hot and dense quark matter in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
• Heavy quark dynamics in a strongly magnetized quark-gluon plasma
• Chiral vortical catalysis
• Magnetic catalysis in the (2+1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu model
• Quantum version of transport coefficients in Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at finite temperature and strong magnetic field
• Magnetic field dependence of the neutral pion longitudinal screening mass in the linear sigma model with quarks
• Magnetized pole-mass of neutral $\rho$ meson within full RPA evaluation
• The magnetized (2+1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu model at finite density
• Strongly interacting matter in extreme magnetic fields
• Thermomagnetic effects on light pseudo-scalar meson masses within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona--Lasinio model
• Medium separation scheme effects on the magnetized and cold two-flavor superconducting quark matter
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• Boundary conditions and electromagnetic effects on the phase transition of a zero spin bosonic system
• Quark condensate and magnetic moment in a strong magnetic field
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• Symmetry breaking patterns for two coupled complex scalar fields at finite temperature and in an external magnetic field
• Vacuum free energy, quark condensate shifts and magnetization in three-flavor chiral perturbation theory to $\mathcal{O}(p^6)$ in a uniform magnetic field