Statistical mechanics of a chiral active fluid

Abstract

Statistical mechanics provides the foundation for describing complex materials using only a few thermodynamic variables. No such framework currently exists far from equilibrium. In this Letter, we demonstrate how thermodynamics emerges far from equilibrium, using fluids composed of active spinners as a case study. Activity gives rise to a single effective temperature that parameterizes both the equation of state and the emergent Boltzmann statistics. The same effective temperature, renormalized by velocity correlations, controls the linear response through canonical Green-Kubo relations for both the familiar shear viscosity and the odd (or Hall) viscosity observed in chiral fluids. The full frequency dependence of these viscosities can be derived analytically by modeling the active-spinner fluid as a random walker undergoing cyclotron motion in shear-stress space. More generally, we provide a first-principles derivation of the Green-Kubo relations valid for a broader class of fluids far from equilibrium. Besides advancing non-equilibrium thermodynamics, our work demonstrates in silico a non-invasive microrheology of active fluids.

arXiv commentSupplementary movies at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLnzJw7B7T8cKLck3wSoMRJVTSFSdrExeh

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Cited by in corpus (54)

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• Pattern formation by turbulent cascades
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• Understanding probability and irreversibility in the Mori-Zwanzig projection operator formalism
• Chirotactic response of microswimmers in fluids with odd viscosity
• Emergent Stripes of Active Rotors in Shear Flows
• Odd elasticity of a catalytic micromachine
• Resolving Hall and dissipative viscosity ambiguities via boundary effects
• Observable signatures of Hall viscosity in lowest Landau level superfluids
• Hydrodynamics of thermal active matter
• Phase Separation, Capillarity, and Odd Surface Flows in Chiral Active Matter
• Slip-induced odd viscous flow past a cylinder
• Molecular modelling of odd viscoelastic fluids
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• Stability of interlocked self-propelled dumbbell clusters
• Symmetry-driven Phononic Metamaterials
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• Control of collective activity to crystallize an oscillator gas
• Chiral Active Matter
• Optimal power and efficiency of odd engines