Enhanced four-wave-mixing with 2D layered graphene oxide films integrated with CMOS compatible micro-ring resonators

Abstract

Layered 2D graphene oxide (GO) films are integrated with microring resonators (MRRs) to experimentally demonstrate enhanced nonlinear optics in the form of four wave mixing (FWM). Both uniformly coated and patterned GO films are integrated on CMOS compatible doped silica MRRs using a large area, transfer free, layer by layer GO coating method together with photolithography and lift off processes, yielding precise control of the film thickness, placement, and coating length. The high Kerr nonlinearity and low loss of the GO films combined with the strong light matter interaction within the MRRs results in a significant improvement in the FWM efficiency in the hybrid MRRs. Detailed FWM measurements are performed at different pump powers and resonant wavelengths for the uniformly coated MRRs with 1 to 5 layers of GO as well as the patterned devices with 10 to 50 layers of GO. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, achieving up to 7.6 dB enhancement in the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) for an MRR uniformly coated with 1 layer of GO and 10.3 dB for a patterned device with 50 layers of GO. By fitting the measured CE as a function of pump power for devices with different numbers of GO layers, we also extract the dependence of the third-order nonlinearity on layer number and pump power, revealing interesting physical insights about the evolution of the layered GO films from 2D monolayers to quasi bulk like behavior. These results confirm the high nonlinear optical performance of integrated photonic resonators incorporated with 2D layered GO films.

27 pages, 7 figures, 69 references

References in corpus (13)

• All-optical signal processing platforms for CMOS compatible integrated nonlinear optics
• 1 Low power continuous-wave nonlinear optics in silica glass integrated waveguide structures
• Photonic radio frequency and microwave intensity differentiator based on an optical frequency comb source in an integrated micro-ring resonator
• Phase-sensitive optical pulse characterization on a chip via Spectral Phase Interferometry for Direct Electric-Field Reconstruction (SPIDER)
• Integrated polarizers based on graphene oxide in waveguides and ring resonators
• Laser Cavity-Soliton Micro-Combs
• Integrated Fabry-Perot cavities as a mechanism for enhancing micro-ring resonator performance
• Optical performance monitoring at 640Gb/s via slow-light in a silicon nanowire
• Ultra-low power nonlinear optics in a high Q CMOS compatible integrated micro-ring resonator
• Ultra-compact optical auto-correlator based on slow-light enhanced third harmonic generation in a silicon photonic crystal waveguide
• Electrically Tunable Optical Nonlinearities in Graphene-Covered SiN Waveguides Characterized by Four-Wave Mixing
• High performance integrated polarizers achieved by incorporating 2D layered graphene oxide films
• Linear absorption coefficient of in-plane graphene on a silicon microring resonator

Cited by in corpus (35)

• Graphene oxide: new opportunities for optoelectronic, electronic and photonic chips
• Graphene oxide films for ultra-flat optics and linear and nonlinear integrated photonic circuits
• Fabrication methods for integrating 2D materials
• Design of silicon waveguides for Kerr nonlinear optical performance with graphene oxide films
• Theoretical design study of FWM in silicon nitride waveguides with integrated graphene oxide films
• Review: Graphene oxide 2D thin films for high performance nonlinear integrated photonics
• Sagnac interference in integrated photonics for reflection mirrors, gyroscopes, filters, and wavelength interleavers
• Third-order nonlinear optical response of 2D materials in the telecom band
• Enhanced self-phase modulation in silicon nitride waveguides integrated with 2D graphene oxide films
• Enhanced spectral broadening via self-phase modulation with femtosecond optical pulses in silicon nanowires integrated with 2D graphene oxide films
• Supercontinuum generation in 2D graphene oxide film coated SiN waveguides
• Spectral Shaping with Integrated Self-Coupled Sagnac Loop Reflectors
• Design of Photonic Filters based on Integrated Coupled Sagnac Loop Reflectors
• Photo-thermal tuning of graphene oxide coated integrated optical waveguides
• Enhancing the third-order optical nonlinear performance in CMOS devices with integrated 2D graphene oxide films
• Ultra-high bandwidth fiber-optic data transmission with a single chip source
• Waveguide optical parametric amplifiers in silicon nitride with 2D graphene oxide films
• Graphene oxide two dimensional films for thermo-optic photonic integrated devices
• Low-loss integrated nanophotonic circuits with layered semiconductor materials
• Novel functions in silicon photonic chips incorporated with graphene oxide thin films
• Enhanced nonlinear optical figure-of-merit at 1550nm for silicon nanowires integrated with graphene oxide layered films
• Thermal investigation of bistability in high index doped silica integrated ring resonators
• Integrated nanophotonic polarizers in silicon waveguides and ring resonators using graphene oxide 2D films
• Design of microring resonators integrated with 2D graphene oxide films for four-wave mixing
• High Performance Optical Filters Using Three Waveguide Coupled Sagnac Loop Reflectors
• Tunable Four-Wave Mixing in AlGaAs Waveguides of Three Different Geometries
• Integrated microring resonator and waveguide polarizers based on partially photo-reduced 2D graphene oxide thin films
• Integrated photonics incorporating 2D materials for practical applications
• Broadband Resonance-Enhanced Frequency Generation by Four-Wave Mixing in a Silicon Floquet Topological Photonic Insulator
• Enhanced four-wave-mixing and 3rd order optical nonlinearity in SiN nanowires integrated with graphene oxide films
• Ultrafast Opto-Electronic and Thermal Tuning of Third-Harmonic Generation in a Graphene Field Effect Transistor
• Modeling of photonic integrated resonators using advanced scattering matrix methods
• High 3rd Order Optical Kerr Nonlinearity of PdSe2 Di-chalcogenide 2D Films for Nonlinear Photonic Chips
• Graphene oxide 2D films integrated with nanowires and ring resonators for enhanced nonlinear optics
• Large and negative Kerr nonlinearity in PdSe2 dichalcogenide 2D films