Quantum entanglement between an atom and a molecule

Abstract

Conventional information processors freely convert information between different physical carriers to process, store, or transmit information. It seems plausible that quantum information will also be held by different physical carriers in applications such as tests of fundamental physics, quantum-enhanced sensors, and quantum information processing. Quantum-controlled molecules in particular could transduce quantum information across a wide range of quantum-bit (qubit) frequencies, from a few kHz for transitions within the same rotational manifold, a few GHz for hyperfine transitions, up to a few THz for rotational transitions, to hundreds of THz for fundamental and overtone vibrational and electronic transitions, possibly all within the same molecule. Here, we report the first demonstration of entanglement between states of the rotation of a ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}{\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ molecular ion and internal states of a ${}^{40}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{a}}^{+}$ atomic ion. The qubit addressed in the molecule has a frequency of either 13.4 kHz or 855 GHz, highlighting the versatility of molecular qubits. This work demonstrates how molecules can transduce quantum information between qubits with different frequencies to enable hybrid quantum systems. We anticipate that quantum control and measurement of molecules as demonstrated here will create opportunities for quantum information science, quantum sensors, fundamental and applied physics, and controlled quantum chemistry.

arXiv comment19 pages, 3 figures

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Cited by in corpus (43)

• High-Fidelity Bell-State Preparation with ${}^{40}$Ca${}^{+}$ Optical Qubits
• Robust encoding of a qubit in a molecule
• Polyatomic Molecules as Quantum Sensors for Fundamental Physics
• Observation of Collisions between Two Ultracold Ground-State CaF Molecules
• Opportunities for Fundamental Physics Research with Radioactive Molecules
• Forming a single molecule by magnetoassociation in an optical tweezer
• Cold trapped molecular ions and hybrid platforms for ions and neutral particles
• Enriching the quantum toolbox of ultracold molecules with Rydberg atoms
• Non-Hermitian dynamics and $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetry breaking in interacting mesoscopic Rydberg platforms
• A Wavelength-Insensitive, Multispecies Entangling Gate for Group-2 Atomic Ions
• Ultracold ${}^{88}{\mathrm{Sr}}_2$ molecules in the absolute ground state
• Engineering long-lived vibrational states for an organic molecule
• Identification of molecular quantum states using phase-sensitive forces
• Coherent optical creation of a single molecule
• Quantum-Logic Detection of Chemical Reactions
• From megahertz to terahertz qubits encoded in molecular ions: theoretical analysis of dipole-forbidden spectroscopic transitions in N${}_2^{+}$
• Quantum-Enhanced Metrology for Molecular Symmetry Violation using Decoherence-Free Subspaces
• Trapping and Ground-State Cooling of a Single H${}_2^{+}$
• Rotational spectroscopy of a single molecular ion at sub part-per-trillion resolution
• Spin qudit tomography and state reconstruction error
• Quantum state tracking and control of a single molecular ion in a thermal environment
• An atom interferometer driven by a picosecond frequency comb
• Sympathetic cooling and slowing of molecules with Rydberg atoms
• Indirect Cooling of Weakly Coupled Trapped-Ion Mechanical Oscillators
• Strategies for implementing quantum error correction in molecular rotation
• Prospect for precision quantum logic spectroscopy of vibrational overtone transitions in molecular oxygen ions
• Deterministic joint remote state preparation with a non-maximally entangled channel
• Quantum control of a single ${\mathrm{H}}_2^{+}$ molecular ion
• Unresolved sideband photon recoil spectroscopy of molecular ions
• Photodissociation spectra of single trapped CaOH+ molecular ions
• Probing rotational decoherence with a trapped-ion planar rotor
• Precise Determination of Excited State Rotational Constants and Black-Body Thermometry in Coulomb Crystals of Ca${}^{+}$ and CaH${}^{+}$
• High-fidelity quantum state control of a polar molecular ion in a cryogenic environment
• Exact quantum dynamics for two-level systems with time-dependent driving
• Experimental Demonstration of Swift Analytical Universal Control over Nearby Transitions
• Molecular Processes as Quantum Information Resources
• Exact matrix product state representation and convergence of a fully correlated electronic wavefunction in the infinite basis limit
• Statistical correlation between quantum entanglement and spin-orbit coupling in crossed beam molecular dynamics
• Deterministic quantum correlation between coherently paired photons acting on a beam splitter
• Rotational excitation in sympathetic cooling of diatomic molecular ions by laser-cooled atomic ions
• Molecular Quantum Control Algorithm Design by Reinforcement Learning
• Charge Exchange Dynamics in Cold Collisions of ${}^{40}$CaH${}^{+}$ and ${}^{39}$K
• Quantum Correlations in Jahn-Teller Molecular Systems Simulated with Superconducting Circuits