Evidence of rescattering effect in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC through production of ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$ and $\varphi (1020)$ mesons

Abstract

Measurements of ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$ and $\varphi (1020)$ resonance production in Pb-Pb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. The resonances are measured at midrapidity ($|y|$ $<$ 0.5) via their hadronic decay channels and the transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) distributions are obtained for various collision centrality classes up to $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ $=$ 20 GeV$/c$. The $p_{\mathrm{T}}$-integrated yield ratio ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$$/$K in Pb-Pb collisions shows significant suppression relative to pp collisions and decreases towards more central collisions. In contrast, the $\varphi (1020)$$/$K ratio does not show any suppression. Furthermore, the measured ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$$/$K ratio in central Pb-Pb collisions is significantly suppressed with respect to the expectations based on a thermal model calculation, while the $\varphi (1020)$$/$K ratio agrees with the model prediction. These measurements are an experimental demonstration of rescattering of ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$ decay products in the hadronic phase of the collisions. The ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$$/$K yield ratios in Pb-Pb and pp collisions are used to estimate the time duration between chemical and kinetic freeze-out, which is found to be $\sim$ 4-7 fm$/c$ for central collisions. The $p_{\mathrm{T}}$-differential ratios of ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$$/$K, $\varphi (1020)$$/$K, ${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$$/\pi$, $\varphi (1020)$$/\pi$, $p/$${\mathrm{K}}^{\ast }(892{)}^0$ and $p/$$\varphi (1020)$ are also presented for Pb-Pb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ $=$ 5.02 TeV. These ratios show that the rescattering effect is predominantly a low-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ phenomenon.

23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 18, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/5648

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