Discarding orbital decay in WASP-19b after one decade of transit observations

Abstract

We present a empirical study of orbital decay for the exoplanet WASP-19b, based on mid-time measurements of 74 complete transits (12 newly obtained by our team and 62 from the literature), covering a 10-year baseline. A linear ephemeris best represents the mid-transit times as a function of epoch. Thus, we detect no evidence of the shortening of WASP-19b's orbital period and establish an upper limit of its steady changing rate, $\dot{P}=-2.294$ ms $y{r}^{-1}$, and a lower limit for the modified tidal quality factor $Q_{\star }^{\prime }=(1.23\pm 0.231)\times 10^6$. Both are in agreement with previous works. This is the first estimation of $Q_{\star }^{\prime }$ directly derived from the mid-times of WASP-19b obtained through homogeneously analyzed transit measurements. Additionally, we do not detect periodic variations in the transit timings within the measured uncertainties in the mid-times of transit. We are therefore able to discard the existence of planetary companions in the system down to a few $M_{\oplus }$ in the first order mean-motion resonances 1:2 and 2:1 with WASP-19b, in the most conservative case of circular orbits. Finally, we measure the empirical $Q_{\star }^{\prime }$ values of 15 exoplanet host stars which suggest that stars with $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ $\lesssim$ 5600K dissipate tidal energy more efficiently than hotter stars. This tentative trend needs to be confirmed with a larger sample of empirically measured $Q_{\star }^{\prime }$.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in MNRAS, 19 pages, 7 Figures, 9 Tables

References in corpus (55)

• Achieving better than 1 minute accuracy in the Heliocentric and Barycentric Julian Dates
• DHP Framework: Digital Health Passports Using Blockchain -- Use case on international tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic
• On detecting terrestrial planets with timing of giant planet transits
• WASP-12b: The hottest transiting planet yet discovered
• Tidal Evolution of Close-in Extra-Solar Planets
• Eclipsing binaries in open clusters. II. V453 Cyg in NGC 6871
• The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N@TNG XIV. Investigating giant planet migration history via improved eccentricity and mass determination for 231 transiting planets
• The Transit Light Curve Project. IX. Evidence for a Smaller Radius of the Exoplanet XO-3b
• Line-profile tomography of exoplanet transits -- II. A gas-giant planet transiting a rapidly-rotating A5 star
• KELT-1b: A Strongly Irradiated, Highly Inflated, Short Period, 27 Jupiter-mass Companion Transiting a mid-F Star
• A Correlation Between Stellar Activity and Hot Jupiter Emission Spectra
• On the tidal evolution of Hot Jupiters on inclined orbits
• CHEOPS: A Transit Photometry Mission for ESA's Small Mission Programme
• Tidal Evolution of Close-in Planets
• WASP-19b: the shortest period transiting exoplanet yet discovered
• Detection of titanium oxide in the atmosphere of a hot Jupiter
• An HST Optical to Near-IR Transmission Spectrum of the Hot Jupiter WASP-19b: Detection of Atmospheric Water and Likely Absence of TiO
• WASP-43b: The closest-orbiting hot Jupiter
• Evolved stars hint to an external origin of enhanced metallicity in planet-hosting stars
• ACCESS: A featureless optical transmission spectrum for WASP-19b from Magellan/IMACS
• Transits and Occultations of an Earth-Sized Planet in an 8.5-Hour Orbit
• HAT-P-20b--HAT-P-23b: Four Massive Transiting Extrasolar Planets
• WASP-4b: a 12th-magnitude transiting hot-Jupiter in the Southern hemisphere
• Exoplanet Transit Database. Reduction and processing of the photometric data of exoplanet transits
• The Kepler-19 System: A Transiting 2.2 R_Earth Planet and a Second Planet Detected via Transit Timing Variations
• Stability Limits in Extra-solar Planetary Systems
• Transits and starspots in the WASP-19 planetary system
• Orbital decay of hot Jupiters due to nonlinear tidal dissipation within solar-type hosts
• On the orbit of the short-period exoplanet WASP-19b
• Hot Jupiters are Destroyed by Tides While Their Host Stars are on the Main Sequence
• Empirical Tidal Dissipation in Exoplanet Hosts From Tidal Spin-Up
• WASP-103b: a new planet at the edge of tidal disruption
• Measurements of Transit Timing Variations for WASP-5b
• Physical properties, transmission and emission spectra of the WASP-19 planetary system from multi-colour photometry
• Long-Term Transit Timing Monitoring and Refined Light Curve Parameters of HAT-P-13b
• Are falling planets spinning up their host stars?
• Application of the MEGNO technique to the dynamics of Jovian irregular satellites
• The secondary eclipses of WASP-19b as seen by the ASTEP 400 telescope from Antarctica
• Hierarchical Bayesian calibration of tidal orbit decay rates among hot Jupiters
• Ground-Based Transit Spectroscopy of the Hot-Jupiter WASP-19b in the Near-Infrared
• A photometric study of the hot exoplanet WASP-19b
• TERMS Photometry of Known Transiting Exoplanets
• Thermal emission at 3.6-8 micron from WASP-19b: a hot Jupiter without a stratosphere orbiting an active star
• Searching For Rapid Orbital Decay of WASP-18b
• The long-term stability of extrasolar system HD 37124. Numerical study of resonance effects
• Homogeneously derived transit timings for 17 exoplanets and reassessed TTV trends for WASP-12 and WASP-4
• An analysis of the transit times of CoRoT-1b
• Five New Transit Epochs of the Exoplanet OGLE-TR-111b
• Transit timing variations in the WASP-4 planetary system
• On the link between rotation, chromospheric activity and Li abundance in subgiant stars
• The Curious Case of KOI 4: Confirming Kepler's First Exoplanet
• Transiting Exoplanet Monitoring Project (TEMP). II. Refined System Parameters and Transit Timing Analysis of HAT-P-33b
• Transiting Exoplanet Monitoring Project (TEMP). I. Refined System Parameters and Transit Timing Variations of HAT-P-29b
• A search for transit timing variations and orbital decay in WASP-46b
• Physical properties and optical-infrared transmission spectrum of the giant planet XO-1b

Cited by in corpus (15)

• The Orbit of WASP-12b is Decaying
• Tidal dissipation in evolving low-mass and solar-type stars with predictions for planetary orbital decay
• TESS Transit Timing of Hundreds of Hot Jupiters
• The continuing search for evidence of tidal orbital decay of hot Jupiters
• ExoClock Project III: 450 new exoplanet ephemerides from ground and space observations
• Systematic Phase Curve Study of Known Transiting Systems from Year 1 of the TESS Mission
• TraMoS V. Updated ephemeris and multi-epoch monitoring of the hot Jupiters WASP-18Ab, WASP-19b, and WASP-77Ab
• ExoClock project II: A large-scale integrated study with 180 updated exoplanet ephemerides
• WASP-4 is Accelerating Toward the Earth
• NGTS-10b: The shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered
• Evidence of Long-Term Period Variations in the Exoplanet Transit Database (ETD)
• The peculiar chemical pattern of the WASP-160 binary system: signatures of planetary formation and evolution?
• The impact of tidal friction evolution on the orbital decay of ultra-short period planets
• The Impact of Tidal Migration of Hot Jupiters on the Rotation of Sun-like Main-sequence Stars
• Tidally distorted barytropes and their Roche limits, with application to WASP-12b