Islands outside the horizon

Abstract

We consider an AdS${}_2$ black hole in equilibrium with a bath, which we take to have a dual description as (0+1)-dimensional quantum mechanical system coupled to a (1+1)-dimensional field theory serving as the bath. We compute the entropies of both the quantum mechanical degrees of freedom and of the bath separately, while allowing contributions from entanglement wedge "islands". We find situations where the island extends {\it outside} the black hole horizon. This suggests possible causality paradoxes which we show are avoided because of the quantum focusing conjecture. Finally, we formulate a version of the information paradox for a black hole in contact with a bath in the Hartle-Hawking state, and demonstrate the role of islands in resolving this paradox.

arXiv comment23 pages, 9 figures. New in v4: We include an argument for the conformal QNEC in 2D flat space and the QFC in two dimensions

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• Gravity/Ensemble Duality
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• Entanglement Phase Structure of a Holographic BCFT in a Black Hole Background
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• Pulling Out the Island with Modular Flow
• Quantum Information in Holographic Duality
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• The central dogma and cosmological horizons
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• New boundary conditions for AdS${}_2$
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• Holo-ween
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• Cosmology from confinement?
• Generalized free energy landscape of black hole phase transition
• Island for Gravitationally Prepared State and Pseudo Entanglement Wedge
• Aspects of AdS${}_2$ Quantum Gravity and the Karch-Randall Braneworld
• Semi-classical thermodynamics of quantum extremal surfaces in Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity
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• Finding Pythons in Unexpected Places
• Page Curves and Bath Deformations
• From operator statistics to wormholes
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• Entanglement Wedge Reconstruction and the Information Paradox
• Reflected Entropy in Double Holography
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• Islands for Entanglement Negativity
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• On Free Energy for Deformed JT Gravity
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• Information transfer with a twist
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• Constraining braneworlds with entanglement entropy
• A toy model for decoherence in the black hole information problem
• The Dictionary for Double Holography and Graviton Masses in d Dimensions
• Holographic boundary states and dimensionally-reduced braneworld spacetimes
• Quasi-normal modes and microscopic description of 2D black holes
• Grey-body Factors, Irreversibility and Multiple Island Saddles
• Is Trans-Planckian Censorship a Swampland Conjecture?
• Cosmologies, singularities and quantum extremal surfaces
• Soft black hole information paradox: Page curve from Maxwell soft hair of a black hole
• Entanglement between two evaporating black holes
• Black hole evolution in quantum-gravitational framework
• Entanglement entropy and vacuum states in Schwarzschild geometry
• Holography Abhors Visible Trapped Surfaces
• Scattering strings off quantum extremal surfaces
• Replica wormhole and island incompatibility with monogamy of entanglement
• Unitarity and Page curve for evaporation of 2D AdS black holes
• A comment on a fine-grained description of evaporating black holes with baby universes
• Radiation, entanglement and islands from a boundary local quench
• From the Black Hole Conundrum to the Structure of Quantum Gravity
• Quantum Error Correction and Holographic Information from Bilocal Holography
• Black holes Entangled by Radiation
• Evaporating Black Holes Coupled to a Thermal Bath
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• Replica Wormholes from Liouville Theory
• Page Curve from Defect Extremal Surface and Island in Higher Dimensions
• Holographic moving mirrors
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