Unraveling the Excitation Spectrum of Many-Body Systems from Quantum Quenches

Abstract

Quenches are now routinely used in synthetic quantum systems to study a variety of fundamental effects, including ergodicity breaking, light-cone-like spreading of information, and dynamical phase transitions. It was shown recently that the dynamics of equal-time correlators may be related to ground-state phase transitions and some properties of the system excitations. Here, we show that the full low-lying excitation spectrum of a generic many-body quantum system can be extracted from the after-quench dynamics of equal-time correlators. We demonstrate it for a variety of one-dimensional lattice models amenable to exact numerical calculations, including Bose and spin models, with short- or long-range interactions. The approach also applies to higher dimensions, correlated fermions, and continuous models. We argue that it provides an alternative approach to standard pump-probe spectroscopic methods and discuss its advantages.

4 + 7 pages

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• Local quench spectroscopy of many-body quantum systems
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• Entangling dynamics from effective rotor/spin-wave separation in U(1)-symmetric quantum spin models
• A simple theory for quantum quenches in the ANNNI model
• Phase diagram of Rydberg-dressed atoms on two-leg square ladders: Coupling supersymmetric conformal field theories on the lattice
• Quench Spectroscopy of a Disordered Quantum System
• Finding the phase diagram of strongly-correlated disordered bosons using quantum quenches
• Gaussian-state Ansatz for the non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum spin lattices
• Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators
• Spectral properties of critical 1+1D Abelian-Higgs model
• Dual Spectroscopy of Quantum Simulated Fermi-Hubbard Systems
• Formation of paired phases of bosons and their excitations in a square lattice
• Measuring temporal entropies in experiments
• Dynamical probing of high-order spin coherence in one-dimensional mixtures
• Extracting the spin excitation spectrum of a fermionic system using a quantum processor
• Thermodynamics and Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior of the quantum 1D hard rod model