Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators
arXiv:2305.07649 · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-55955-2
Abstract
The efficient probing of spectral features is important for characterising and understanding the structure and dynamics of quantum materials. In this work, we establish a framework for probing the excitation spectrum of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators. Our approach effectively realises a spectral detector by processing the dynamics of observables with time intervals drawn from a defined probability distribution, which only requires native time evolution governed by the Hamiltonian without ancilla. The critical element of our method is the engineered emergence of frequency resonance such that the excitation spectrum can be probed. We show that the time complexity for transition energy estimation has a logarithmic dependence on simulation accuracy and how such observation can be guaranteed in certain many-body systems. We discuss the noise robustness of our spectroscopic method and show that the total running time maintains polynomial dependence on accuracy in the presence of device noise. We further numerically test the error dependence and the scalability of our method for lattice models. We present simulation results for the spectral features of typical quantum systems, either gapped or gapless, including quantum spins, fermions and bosons. We demonstrate how excitation spectra of spin-lattice models can be probed experimentally with IBM quantum devices.
29 pages, 12 figures
References in corpus (43)
- Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) algorithms
- Error mitigation for short-depth quantum circuits
- Predicting Many Properties of a Quantum System from Very Few Measurements
- Randomized Benchmarking of Quantum Gates
- Observation of entanglement propagation in a quantum many-body system
- Non-local propagation of correlations in long-range interacting quantum systems
- Quantum singular value transformation and beyond: exponential improvements for quantum matrix arithmetics
- Noise tailoring for scalable quantum computation via randomized compiling
- Direct observation of dynamical quantum phase transitions in an interacting many-body system
- Spectral signatures of many-body localization with interacting photons
- Simulating quantum many-body dynamics on a current digital quantum computer
- Efficient estimation of Pauli observables by derandomization
- Heisenberg-limited ground state energy estimation for early fault-tolerant quantum computers
- Probing real-space and time resolved correlation functions with many-body Ramsey interferometry
- Ground state preparation and energy estimation on early fault-tolerant quantum computers via quantum eigenvalue transformation of unitary matrices
- Time evolution of correlations in strongly interacting fermions after a quantum quench
- Quantum Simulation and Spectroscopy of Entanglement Hamiltonians
- Time-Resolved Observation of Spin-Charge Deconfinement in Fermionic Hubbard Chains
- Quantum hardware simulating four-dimensional inelastic neutron scattering
- Resolving continua of fractional excitations by spinon echo in THz 2D coherent spectroscopy
- Mitigating realistic noise in practical noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices
- A randomized quantum algorithm for statistical phase estimation
- Coherent Imaging Spectroscopy of a Quantum Many-Body Spin System
- Spectroscopy of interacting quasiparticles in trapped ions
- Quantum algorithm for ground state energy estimation using circuit depth with exponentially improved dependence on precision
- Overlapped grouping measurement: A unified framework for measuring quantum states
- Spectroscopic fingerprints of gapped quantum spin liquids, both conventional and fractonic
- Finite-temperature density-matrix renormalization group method for electron-phonon systems: Thermodynamics and Holstein-polaron spectral functions
- Dynamical structure factors of dynamical quantum simulators
- Unraveling the Excitation Spectrum of Many-Body Systems from Quantum Quenches
- Local quench spectroscopy of many-body quantum systems
- Quantum algorithm for obtaining the energy spectrum of a physical system
- Error-resilient Monte Carlo quantum simulation of imaginary time
- Noise-resilient phase estimation with randomized compiling
- Quantum algorithm for obtaining the eigenstates of a physical system
- Randomized gap and amplitude estimation
- Quench dynamics of quantum spin models with flat bands of excitations
- Fourier transform spectroscopy of a spin-orbit coupled Bose gas
- Density-of-states of many-body quantum systems from tensor networks
- Can shallow quantum circuits scramble local noise into global white noise?
- Simulating spectroscopy experiments with a superconducting quantum computer
- Finding the phase diagram of strongly-correlated disordered bosons using quantum quenches
- Strong quenches in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model
Cited by in corpus (7)
- Fault-tolerant quantum algorithms for quantum molecular systems: A survey
- Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Algorithms in Practice: Application to Ground-State Energy Estimation
- Computing n-time correlation functions without ancilla qubits
- Dual Spectroscopy of Quantum Simulated Fermi-Hubbard Systems
- Extracting the spin excitation spectrum of a fermionic system using a quantum processor
- Inferring Quantum Network Topologies using Genetic Optimisation of Indirect Measurements
- QAISim: A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of AI in Quantum Cloud Computing Environments