Radiative cooling of a superconducting resonator

Abstract

Cooling microwave resonators to near the quantum ground state, crucial for their operation in the quantum regime, is typically achieved by direct device refrigeration to a few tens of millikelvin. However, in quantum experiments that require high operation power such as microwave-to-optics quantum transduction, it is desirable to operate at higher temperatures with non-negligible environmental thermal excitations, where larger cooling power is available. In this Letter, we present a radiative cooling protocol to prepare a superconducting microwave mode near its quantum ground state in spite of warm environment temperatures for the resonator. In this proof-of-concept experiment, the mode occupancy of a 10-GHz superconducting resonator thermally anchored at 1.02~K is reduced to $0.44\pm 0.05$ by radiatively coupling to a 70-mK cold load. This radiative cooling scheme allows high-operation-power microwave experiments to work in the quantum regime, and opens possibilities for routing microwave quantum states to elevated temperatures.

References in corpus (10)

• The Quantum Internet
• Sideband Cooling Micromechanical Motion to the Quantum Ground State
• Strongly coupled magnons and cavity microwave photons
• Hybridizing ferromagnetic magnons and microwave photons in the quantum limit
• Resolved Sideband Cooling of a Micromechanical Oscillator
• Ultrahigh finesse Fabry-Perot superconducting resonator
• Microwave-Induced Cooling of a Superconducting Qubit
• Intracity quantum communication via thermal microwave networks
• Efficient quantum microwave-to-optical conversion using electro-optic nanophotonic coupled-resonators
• Observation and stabilization of photonic Fock states in a hot radio-frequency resonator

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• Exclusion of ALP Cogenesis Dark Matter in a Mass Window Above 100 $\mu$eV
• Quantum capacities of transducers
• Bench-top Cooling of a Microwave Mode using an Optically Pumped Spin Refrigerator
• Nonequilibrium heat transport and work with a single artificial atom coupled to a waveguide: emission without external driving
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• Significant enhancement in refrigeration and entanglement in auxiliary-cavity-assisted optomechanical systems