Dissecting bombs and bursts: non-LTE inversions of low-atmosphere reconnection in SST and IRIS observations

Abstract

Ellerman bombs and UV bursts are transient brightenings that are ubiquitously observed in the lower atmospheres of active and emerging flux regions. Here we present inversion results of SST/CRISP and CHROMIS, as well as IRIS data of such transient events. Combining information from the Mg II h & k, Si IV and Ca II 8542A and Ca II H & K lines, we aim to characterise their temperature and velocity stratification, as well as their magnetic field configuration. We find average temperature enhancements of a few thousand kelvin close to the classical temperature minimum, but localised peak temperatures of up to 10,000-15,000 K from Ca II inversions. Including Mg II generally dampens these temperature enhancements to below 8000 K, while Si IV requires temperatures in excess of 10,000 K at low heights, but may also be reproduced with secondary temperature enhancements of 35,000-60,000 K higher up. However, reproducing Si IV comes at the expense of overestimating the Mg II emission. The line-of-sight velocity maps show clear bi-directional jet signatures and strong correlation with substructure in the intensity images, with slightly larger velocities towards the observer than away. The magnetic field parameters show an enhancement of the horizontal field co-located with the brightenings at similar heights as the temperature increase. We are thus able to largely reproduce the observational properties of Ellerman bombs with UV burst signature with temperature stratifications peaking close to the classical temperature minimum. Correctly modelling the Si IV emission in agreement with all other diagnostics is, however, an outstanding issue. Accounting for resolution differences, fitting localised temperature enhancements and/or performing spatially-coupled inversions is likely necessary to obtain better agreement between all considered diagnostics.

Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 24 pages, 17 figures

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Cited by in corpus (24)

• The European Solar Telescope
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• Multi thermal atmosphere of a mini solar flare during magnetic reconnection observed with IRIS
• High-resolution observations of the solar photosphere, chromosphere and transition region. A database of coordinated IRIS and SST observations
• Solar surges related to UV bursts: Characterization through k-means, inversions and density diagnostics
• Three-dimensional magnetic field structure of a flux emerging region in the solar atmosphere
• Design and Performance Analysis of a Highly Efficient Polychromatic Full-Stokes Polarization Modulator for the CRISP Imaging Spectrometer
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• Small-scale magnetic flux emergence preceding a chain of energetic solar atmospheric events
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• A reconnection driven magnetic flux cancellation and a quiet Sun Ellerman bomb
• Radiative losses in the chromosphere during a C-class flare
• High Resolution Observations of the Low Atmospheric Response to Small Coronal Heating Events in an Active Region Core
• Automatic detection of Ellerman bombs using Deep Learning
• Automatic detection of Ellerman bombs in the H$\alpha$ line
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• Multi-frame blind deconvolution and phase diversity with statistical inclusion of uncorrected high-order modes
• Revisiting the Spectral Features of Ellerman Bombs and UV Bursts. I. Radiative Hydrodynamic Simulations
• Decay of a photospheric transient filament at the boundary of a pore and the chromospheric response