Spin-orbit coupling and spin relaxation in phosphorene: Intrinsic versus extrinsic effects

Abstract

First-principles calculations of the essential spin-orbit and spin relaxation properties of phosphorene are performed. Intrinsic spin-orbit coupling induces spin mixing with the probability of $b^2\approx 10^{-4}$, exhibiting a large anisotropy, following the anisotropic crystalline structure of phosphorene. For realistic values of the momentum relaxation times, the intrinsic (Elliott--Yafet) spin relaxation times are hundreds of picoseconds to nanoseconds. Applying a transverse electric field (simulating gating and substrates) generates extrinsic $C_{2v}$ symmetric spin-orbit fields in phosphorene, which activate the D'yakonov--Perel' mechanism for spin relaxation. It is shown that this extrinsic spin relaxation also has a strong anisotropy, and can dominate over the Elliott-Yafet one for strong enough electric fields. Phosphorene on substrates can thus exhibit an interesting interplay of both spin relaxation mechanisms, whose individual roles could be deciphered using our results.

References in corpus (5)

• Quantum ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials
• Graphene Spintronics
• Solvent Exfoliation of Electronic-Grade, Two-Dimensional Black Phosphorus
• Quasiparticle band structure and tight-binding model for single- and bilayer black phosphorus
• Electrons and holes in phosphorene

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Gate-tunable black phosphorus spin valve with nanosecond spin lifetimes