The mass, location and heating of the dust in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant

Abstract

We model the thermal dust emission from dust grains heated by synchrotron radiation and by particle collisions, under conditions appropriate for four different shocked and unshocked gas components of the Cassiopeia A (Cas A) supernova remnant (SNR). By fitting the resulting spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to the observed SNR dust fluxes, we determine the required mass of dust in each component. We find the observed SED can be reproduced by $\sim 0.6{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ of silicate grains, the majority of which is in the unshocked ejecta and heated by the synchrotron radiation field. Warmer dust, located in the X-ray emitting reverse shock and blastwave regions, contribute to the shorter wavelength infrared emission but make only a small fraction of the total dust mass. Carbon grains can at most make up $\sim 25\%$ of the total dust mass. Combined with estimates for the gas masses, we obtain dust-to-gas mass ratios for each component, which suggest that the condensation efficiency in the ejecta is high, and that dust in the shocked ejecta clumps is well protected from destruction by sputtering in the reverse shock.

arXiv commentAccepted by MNRAS, 14 pages, 6 figures. Author accepted manuscript. Accepted on 05/02/2019. Deposited on 05/02/2019

References in corpus (55)

• Dust Formation and Survival in Supernova Ejecta
• A dusty, normal galaxy in the epoch of reionization
• The global dust SED: Tracing the nature and evolution of dust with DustEM
• Herschel Detects a Massive Dust Reservoir in Supernova 1987A
• Dust emission from the most distant quasars
• The Cassiopeia A Supernova was of Type IIB
• Dust in the reionization era: ALMA observations of a $z$=8.38 Galaxy
• The Expansion Asymmetry and Age of the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant
• Evolution of Dust in Primordial Supernova Remnants: Can Dust Grains Formed in the Ejecta Survive and be Injected into the Early Interstellar Medium?
• A Million-Second Chandra View of Cassiopeia A
• The Evolution of Dust in the Early Universe with Applications to the Galaxy SDSS J1148+5251
• Dust Formation In Early Galaxies
• Analytical solutions for energy spectra of electrons accelerated by nonrelativistic shock-waves in shell type supernova remnants
• Freshly Formed Dust in the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant as Revealed by the Spitzer Space Telescope
• The Origin of Cosmic Dust
• Production of dust by massive stars at high redshift
• A Herschel PACS and SPIRE study of the dust content of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant
• A stubbornly large mass of cold dust in the ejecta of Supernova 1987A
• A Cool Dust Factory in the Crab Nebula: A Herschel Study of the Filaments
• Constraints on the Progenitor of Cassiopeia A
• On the Determination of Ejecta Structure and Explosion Asymmetry from the X-ray Knots of Cassiopeia A
• The Three-Dimensional Structure of Cassiopeia A
• The dust mass in Cassiopeia A from a spatially resolved Herschel analysis
• Numerical Simulations of Supernova Dust Destruction. I. Cloud-crushing and Post-processed Grain Sputtering
• Cassiopeia A and its Clumpy Presupernova Wind
• A Detailed Kinematic Map of Cassiopeia A's Optical Main Shell and Outer High-Velocity Ejecta
• The dust budget crisis in high-redshift submillimetre galaxies
• Formation and Evolution of Dust in Type IIb Supernova with Application to the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant
• The dust and gas content of the Crab Nebula
• Quasars as probes of the submillimetre cosmos at z>5: I. Preliminary SCUBA photometry
• Dust grain growth in the interstellar medium of 5<z<6.5 quasars
• Newly Synthesized Elements and Pristine Dust in the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant
• Cassiopeia A: dust factory revealed via submillimetre polarimetry
• The mass and energy budget of Cassiopeia A
• No cold dust within the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A
• Modelling supernova line profile asymmetries to determine ejecta dust masses: SN 1987A from days 714 to 3604
• Dust grains from the heart of supernovae
• Dust Destruction by the Reverse Shock in the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant
• Spitzer Spectral Mapping of Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A
• The Importance of Physical Models for Deriving Dust Masses and Grain Size Distributions in Supernova Ejecta I: Radiatively Heated Dust in the Crab Nebula
• Interstellar and Ejecta Dust in the Cas A Supernova Remnant
• Benchmarking the Calculation of Stochastic Heating and Emissivity of Dust Grains in the Context of Radiative Transfer Simulations
• Molecules and dust in Cassiopeia A: II - Dust sputtering and diagnosis of dust survival in supernova remnants
• Infrared and X-Ray Evidence for Circumstellar Grain Destruction by the Blast Wave of Supernova 1987A
• Dust masses for SN 1980K, SN1993J and Cassiopeia A from red-blue emission line asymmetries
• The Density and Mass of Unshocked Ejecta in Cassiopeia A through Low Frequency Radio Absorption
• Kinematics of X-ray Emitting Components in Cassiopeia A
• Low-Frequency Radio Absorption in Cassiopeia A
• The Kinematic and Plasma Properties of X-ray Knots in Cassiopeia A from the Chandra HETGS
• Fine-structure infrared lines from the Cassiopeia A knots
• A Comparison of X-ray and Optical Emission in Cassiopeia A
• The Circumstellar Medium of Cassiopeia A Inferred from the Outer Ejecta Knot Properties
• Hard X-ray emissions from Cassiopeia A observed by INTEGRAL
• Near-Infrared Knots and Dense Fe Ejecta in the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant
• The Temperature and Ionization of Unshocked Ejecta in Cas A

Cited by in corpus (32)

• A Nearby Galaxy Perspective on Dust Evolution. Scaling relations and constraints on the dust build-up in galaxies with the DustPedia and DGS samples
• The ALMA REBELS Survey. Epoch of Reionization giants: properties of dusty galaxies at $z\approx 7$
• Dust survival rates in clumps passing through the Cas A reverse shock I: results for a range of clump densities
• Understanding the atmospheric properties and chemical composition of the ultra-hot Jupiter HAT-P-7b: I. Cloud and chemistry mapping
• The Survival of Multiphase Dusty Clouds in Hot Winds
• A JWST Survey of the Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A
• JINGLE -- IV. Dust, HI gas and metal scaling laws in the local Universe
• The dust content of the Crab Nebula
• Revisiting the dust destruction efficiency of supernovae
• Dust masses for a large sample of core-collapse supernovae from optical emission line asymmetries: dust formation on 30-year timescales
• Element Abundances in the Unshocked Ejecta of Cassiopeia A
• Supernova induced processing of interstellar dust: impact of ISM gas density and gas turbulence
• Dust masses and grain size distributions of a sample of Galactic pulsar wind nebulae
• Dust survival rates in clumps passing through the Cas A reverse shock -- II. The impact of magnetic fields
• Dust destruction and survival in the Cassiopeia A reverse shock
• The dust mass in Cassiopeia A from infrared and optical line flux differences
• Silicate grain growth due to ion trapping in oxygen-rich supernova remnants like Cassiopeia A
• Evolution of the grain size distribution in galactic discs
• Dependence of Dust Formation on the Supernova Explosion
• AlFoCS + F3D II: unexpectedly low gas-to-dust ratios in the Fornax galaxy cluster
• Properties of shocked dust grains in supernova remnants
• Constraining early-time dust formation in core-collapse supernovae
• The apparent anti-correlation between the mass opacity of interstellar dust and the surface-density of interstellar gas
• Near-Infrared and Optical Observations of Type Ic SN 2021krf: Luminous Late-time Emission and Dust Formation
• A Galactic Dust Devil: far-infrared observations of the Tornado Supernova Remnant candidate
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Detection of Carbon Monoxide in the Type II Supernova SN 2023ixf
• JWST/MIRI detects the dusty SN1993J about 30 years after explosion
• Infrared Ejecta and Cold Dust in the Young Supernova Remnant N132D
• Optical Properties of C$-$rich (${}^{12}$C, SiC and FeC) Dust Layered Structure of Massive Stars
• Quantifying the dust in SN 2012aw and iPTF14hls with ORBYTS
• Interstellar Ices as Carriers of Supernova Material to the Early Solar System
• The impact of metallicity-dependent dust destruction on the dust-to-metals ratio in galaxies