Angular power spectrum analysis on current and future high-energy neutrino data

Abstract

Astrophysical neutrino events have been measured in the last couple of years, which show an isotropic distribution, and the current discussion is their astrophysical origin. We use both isotropic and anisotropic components of the diffuse neutrino data to constrain the contribution of a broad number of extra-galactic source populations to the observed neutrino sky. We simulate up-going muon neutrino events by applying statistical distributions for the flux of extragalactic sources, and by Monte Carlo method we exploit the simulation for current and future IceCube, IceCube-Gen2 and KM3NeT exposures. We aim at constraining source populations by studying their angular patterns, for which we assess the angular power spectrum. We leave the characteristic number of sources ($N_{\star }$) as a free parameter, which is roughly the number of neutrino sources over which the measured intensity is divided. With existing two-year IceCube data, we can already constrain very rare, bright sources with $N_{\star }\lesssim$100. This can be improved to $N_{\star }\lesssim 10^4$-$10^5$ with IceCube-Gen2 and KM3NeT with ten-year exposure, constraining the contribution of BL Lacs ($N_{\star }=6\times 10^2$). On the other hand, we can constrain weak sources with large number densities, like starburst galaxies ($N_{\star }=10^7$), if we measure an anisotropic neutrino sky with future observations.

19 pages, 19 figures. Accepted by JCAP

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• Decaying dark matter at IceCube and its signature on High Energy gamma experiments
• Bayesian constraints on the astrophysical neutrino source population from IceCube data
• Using High-Energy Neutrinos As Cosmic Magnetometers
• Unified thermal model for photohadronic neutrino production in astrophysical sources
• Self-consistent model of extragalactic neutrino flux from evolving blazar population
• Probing dark matter signals in neutrino telescopes through angular power spectrum
• Potential Dark Matter Signals at Neutrino Telescopes