Classical and Nonclassical Time Dilation for Quantum Clocks

Abstract

Proper time, ideal clocks, and boosts are well understood classically, but subtleties arise in quantum physics. We show that quantum clocks set in motion via momentum boosts do not witness classical time dilation. However, using velocity boosts we find the ideal behaviour in both cases where the quantum clock and classical observer are set in motion. Without internal state dependent forces additional effects arise. As such, we derive observed frequency shifts in ion trap atomic clocks, indicating a small additional shift, and also show the emergence of non-ideal behaviour in a theoretical clock model.

arXiv comment5 pages. Updated to match published version

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• Gravitational Redshift Tests with Atomic Clocks and Atom Interferometers
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• Exploring the dynamical interplay between mass-energy equivalence, interactions and entanglement in an optical lattice clock
• Quantum time dilation in a gravitational field
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