Cooling in the X-ray halo of the rotating, massive early-type galaxy NGC 7049

Abstract

The relative importance of the physical processes shaping the thermodynamics of the hot gas permeating rotating, massive early-type galaxies is expected to be different from that in non-rotating systems. Here, we report the results of the analysis of XMM-Newton data for the massive, lenticular galaxy NGC 7049. The galaxy harbours a dusty disc of cool gas and is surrounded by an extended hot X-ray emitting gaseous atmosphere with unusually high central entropy. The hot gas in the plane of rotation of the cool dusty disc has a multi-temperature structure, consistent with ongoing cooling. We conclude that the rotational support of the hot gas is likely capable of altering the multiphase condensation regardless of the $t_{\mathrm{cool}}/t_{\mathrm{ff}}$ ratio, which is here relatively high, $\sim 40$. However, the measured ratio of cooling time and eddy turnover time around unity ($C$-ratio $\approx 1$) implies significant condensation, and at the same time, the constrained ratio of rotational velocity and the velocity dispersion (turbulent Taylor number) $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{t}}>1$ indicates that the condensing gas should follow non-radial orbits forming a disc instead of filaments. This is in agreement with hydrodynamical simulations of massive rotating galaxies predicting a similarly extended multiphase disc.

arXiv comment11 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (47)

• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI: Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections
• The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances
• Thermal Instability in Gravitationally-Stratified Plasmas: Implications for Multi-Phase Structure in Clusters and Galaxy Halos
• Thermal Instability & the Feedback Regulation of Hot Halos in Clusters, Groups, and Galaxies
• Cause and Effect of Feedback: Multiphase Gas in Cluster Cores Heated by AGN Jets
• A new radiative cooling curve based on an up to date plasma emission code
• Raining on black holes and massive galaxies: the top-down multiphase condensation model
• Galaxy groups and clouds in the Local (z~0.01) universe
• X-Ray Evidence for Multiphase Hot Gas with Nearly Solar Fe Abundances in the Brightest Groups of Galaxies
• X-ray Spectral Properties of Low-Mass X-ray Binaries in Nearby Galaxies
• Mechanical AGN Feedback: Controlling the Thermodynamical Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies
• Shaken Snow Globes: Kinematic Tracers of the Multiphase Condensation Cascade in Massive Galaxies, Groups, and Clusters
• Photometric scaling relations of lenticular and spiral galaxies
• The origin of cold gas in giant elliptical galaxies and its role in fueling radio-mode AGN feedback
• Scaling Mass Profiles around Elliptical Galaxies Observed with Chandra and XMM-Newton
• X-ray Scaling Properties of Early-type Galaxies
• Chaotic cold accretion on to black holes in rotating atmospheres
• Constraints on turbulent pressure in the X-ray halos of giant elliptical galaxies from resonant scattering
• Constraining turbulence and conduction in the hot ICM through density perturbations
• A Synthesis of Data from Fundamental Plane and Surface Brightness Fluctuation Surveys
• Observations of metals in the intra-cluster medium
• Conduction and the Star-Formation Threshold in Brightest Cluster Galaxies
• Estimating turbulent velocities in the elliptical galaxies NGC 5044 and NGC 5813
• Direct X-ray Spectral Deprojection of Galaxy Clusters
• Thermodynamic properties, multiphase gas and AGN feedback in a large sample of giant ellipticals
• Improved measurements of turbulence in the hot gaseous atmospheres of nearby giant elliptical galaxies
• The Circum-Galactic Medium of MASsive Spirals II: Probing the Nature of Hot Gaseous Halo around the Most Massive Isolated Spiral Galaxies
• Mass Loss From Evolved Stars in Elliptical Galaxies
• CHEERS: The chemical evolution RGS sample
• Deep Chandra observations of NGC 1404: cluster plasma physics revealed by an infalling early-type galaxy
• The Hot Interstellar Medium in Normal Elliptical Galaxies III: The Thermal Structure of the Gas
• On the thermodynamic self-similarity of the nearest, most relaxed, giant ellipticals
• Deep Chandra observation and numerical studies of the nearest cluster cold front in the sky
• A textbook example of ram-pressure stripping in the Hydra A/A780 cluster
• Deep Chandra observations of the stripped galaxy group falling into Abell 2142
• A multi-wavelength view of cooling vs. AGN heating in the X-ray luminous cool-core of Abell 3581
• The effects of galaxy shape and rotation on the X-ray haloes of early-type galaxies - II. Numerical simulations
• An azimuthally resolved study of the cold front in Abell 3667
• Evolution of Interstellar Gas in Rapidly Rotating Elliptical Galaxies: Formation of Disks
• Mass Loss From Planetary Nebulae in Elliptical Galaxies
• The Mysterious Merger of NGC6868 and NGC6861 in the Telescopium Group
• The Effects of Galaxy Shape and Rotation on the X-ray Haloes of Early-Type Galaxies
• X-ray Isophotes in a Rapidly Rotating Elliptical Galaxy: Evidence of Inflowing Gas
• X-Ray Emission from Rotating Elliptical Galaxies
• The search for inner polar disks with integral field spectroscopy: the case of NGC 2855 and NGC 7049
• Model of Outgrowths in the Spiral Galaxies NGC 4921 and NGC 7049 and the Origin of Spiral Arms

Cited by in corpus (17)

• Feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei in Galaxy Groups
• The X-ray Halo Scaling Relations of Supermassive Black Holes
• Enrichment of the hot intracluster medium: observations
• Thermodynamic properties, multiphase gas and AGN feedback in a large sample of giant ellipticals
• The MASSIVE survey - XI. What drives the molecular gas properties of early-type galaxies
• Dissecting the turbulent weather driven by mechanical AGN feedback
• AGN feeding and feedback in Fornax A: kinematical analysis of the multi-phase ISM
• The flickering nuclear activity of Fornax A
• Gas condensation in Brightest Group Galaxies unveiled with MUSE
• A Black-Hole Feedback Valve in Massive Galaxies
• Probing multiphase gas in local massive elliptical galaxies via multiwavelength observations
• Radio galaxies in galaxy groups: kinematics, scaling relations and AGN feedback
• WISDOM project -- VIII. Multi-scale feedback cycles in the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 0708
• Hot gaseous atmospheres of rotating galaxies observed with XMM-Newton
• Properties of the Hot Ambient Medium of Early-type Galaxies Hosting Powerful Radio Sources
• Physical cool-core condensation radius in massive galaxy clusters
• A Parameter Space Exploration of High Resolution Numerically Evolved Early Type Galaxies Including AGN Feedback and Accurate Dynamical Treatment of Stellar Orbits