The rise and fall of the UV upturn: $z=0.3,0.55$ and $0.7$

Abstract

We have analysed the strength of the UV upturn in red sequence galaxies with luminosities reaching to below the $L^{\ast }$ point within four clusters at $z$ = 0.3, 0.55 \& 0.7. We find that the incidence and strength of the upturn remains constant up to $z=0.55$. In comparison, the prevalence and strength of the UV upturn is significantly diminished in the $z=0.7$ cluster, implying that the stellar population responsible for the upturn in a typical red sequence galaxy is only just developing at this redshift and is essentially fully-developed by $\sim 1$ Gyr later. Of all the mainstream models that seek to explain the UV upturn phenomenon, it is those that generate the upturn through the presence of a Helium-enhanced stellar subpopulation on the (hot) horizontal branch that are most consistent with this behaviour. The epoch ($z=0.7$) where the stars responsible for the upturn first evolve from the red giant branch places constraints on their age and chemical abundances. By comparing our results with the prediction made by the YEPS Helium-enhanced spectrophotometic models, we find that a solar metallicity sub-population that displays a consistent upturn between $0<z<0.55$ but then fades by $z=0.7$ would require a Helium abundance of $Y⩾0.45$, if formed at $z_f\sim 4$. Later formation redshifts and/or higher metallicity would further increase the Helium enhancement required to produce the observed upturn in these clusters and vice versa.

arXiv commentMNRAS accepted

References in corpus (58)

• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• The propagation of uncertainties in stellar population synthesis modeling I: The relevance of uncertain aspects of stellar evolution and the IMF to the derived physical properties of galaxies
• A Triple Main Sequence in the Globular Cluster NGC 2808
• Multiple Stellar Populations in Globular Clusters
• Metallicities on the Double Main Sequence of omega Centauri Imply Large Helium Enhancement
• Asteroseismology of old open clusters with Kepler: direct estimate of the integrated RGB mass loss in NGC6791 and NGC6819
• Yields of AGB and SAGB models with chemistry of low- and high-metallicity Globular Clusters
• Far-Ultraviolet Radiation from Elliptical Galaxies
• A massive, quiescent galaxy at redshift of z=3.717
• Combined strong and weak lensing analysis of 28 clusters from the Sloan Giant Arcs Survey
• A binary model for the UV-upturn of elliptical galaxies (MNRAS version)
• A Gravitationally Lensed Quasar with Quadruple Images Separated by 14.62 Arcseconds
• Super Helium-Rich Population and the Origin of Extreme Horizontal-Branch Stars in Globular Clusters
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Rich z=1.80 Galaxy Cluster JKCS 041 Using the WFC3 Grism: Environmental Trends in the Ages and Structure of Quiescent Galaxies
• A unique model for the variety of multiple populations formation(s) in globular clusters: a temporal sequence
• Helium enhanced stars and multiple populations along the horizontal branch of NGC2808: direct spectroscopic measurements
• Detection and Photometry of Hot Horizontal Branch Stars in the Core of M32
• redMaPPer IV: Photometric Membership Identification of Cluster Galaxies with 1% Precision
• On the Origin of the UV Upturn in Elliptical Galaxies. I. Sensitivity of UV Population Synthesis to Various Input Parameters
• UV properties of early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster
• Evolution of the Color-Magnitude relation in High-Redshift Clusters: Early-type Galaxies in the Lynx Supercluster at z~1.26
• The UV Upturn in Elliptical Galaxies as an Age Indicator
• On the Origin of the High Helium Sequence in $\omega$ Centauri
• Measuring helium abundance difference in giants of NGC 2808
• The C-flame Quenching by Convective Boundary Mixing in Super-AGB Stars and the Formation of Hybrid C/O/Ne White Dwarfs and SN Progenitors
• Color--Luminosity Relations for the Resolved Hot Stellar Populations in the Centers of M 31 and M 32
• Thermohaline Mixing: Does It Really Govern the Atmospheric Chemical Composition of Low-Mass Red Giants?
• Direct Evidence for an Enhancement of Helium in Giant Stars in Omega Centauri
• Multiaperture $UBVRIzJHK$ Photometry of Galaxies in the Coma Cluster
• Star formation and UV colors of the brightest Cluster Galaxies in the representative XMM-Newton Cluster Structure Survey
• The Chemical Evolution of Helium in Globular Clusters: Implications for the Self-Pollution Scenario
• On the Origin of the UV Upturn in Elliptical Galaxies. II. Test of the HB Hypothesis
• The UV Upturn in Elliptical galaxies and Environmental Effects
• Direct Evaluation of the Helium Abundances in Omega Centauri
• Deep Luminosity Functions and Colour-Magnitude Relations for Cluster Galaxies at 0.2 < z < 0.6
• The hot horizontal-branch stars in omega Centauri
• Far-UV Emission from Elliptical Galaxies at z=0.55
• Evolution of long-lived globular cluster stars III. Effect of the initial helium spread on the position of stars in a synthetic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
• The Look-back Time Evolution of Far-Ultraviolet Flux from the Brightest Cluster Elliptical Galaxies at z < 0.2
• The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO Survey: The Star Formation Histories of Luminous Red Galaxies
• On the red giant branch mass loss in 47 Tucanae: Constraints from the horizontal branch morphology
• Hot Horizontal Branch stars in omega Centauri: clues about their origin from the cluster Color Magnitude Diagram
• Far-Ultraviolet Emission from Elliptical Galaxies at z=0.33
• What drives the ultra-violet colours of passive galaxies?
• Yonsei evolutionary population synthesis (YEPS). II. Spectro-photometric evolution of helium-enhanced stellar populations
• Galaxy populations in massive z=0.2-0.9 clusters: I. Analysis of spectroscopy
• Colors of Ellipticals from GALEX to Spitzer
• The UV-upturn in brightest cluster galaxies
• Modelling the UV spectrum of SDSS-III/BOSS galaxies: hints towards the detection of the UV upturn at high-z
• Measurements of Far-UV Emission from Elliptical Galaxies at z=0.375
• Morphological evolution of cluster red sequence galaxies in the past 9 Gyr
• The Stellar Populations of Bright Coma Cluster Galaxies
• Dissolved Massive Metal-Rich Globular Clusters Can Cause the Range of UV Upturn Strengths Found among Early-type Galaxies
• The GALEX Ultraviolet Virgo Cluster Survey (GUViCS). VII.: BCG UV upturn and the FUV-NUV color up to redshift 0.35
• UV SEDs of early-type cluster galaxies: A new look at the UV upturn
• The K-band luminosity functions of cluster galaxies
• Globular clusters in the far-ultraviolet: evidence for He-enriched second populations in extra-galactic globular clusters?
• Evolution of the UV upturn in cluster galaxies: Abell 1689

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Recent Star-formation in a Massive Slowly-Quenched Lensed Quiescent Galaxy at z=1.88
• Formation of N-rich field stars in the high-density building blocks of the Galactic bulge
• Ubiquitous [OII] Emission in Quiescent Galaxies at z ~ 0.85
• UV bright red-sequence galaxies: how do UV upturn systems evolve in redshift and stellar mass?
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Defining Passive Galaxy Samples and Searching for the UV Upturn
• Environmental Effects on the UV Upturn in Local Clusters of Galaxies
• Measuring the Total Ultraviolet Light from Galaxy Clusters at z=0.5-1.6: The Balance of Obscured and Unobscured Star-Formation
• Investigating the UV-excess in star clusters with $N$-body simulations: predictions for future CSST observations
• On the maximum helium content of multiple populations in the globular cluster NGC6752
• Evolution of the Ultraviolet Upturn at $0.3<z<1$: exploring helium rich stellar populations
• The Ultraviolet Upturn in field Luminous Red Galaxies at $0.3<z<0.7$
• Two categories of UV-upturn galaxies revealed by semi-analytic models
• UV bright red-sequence galaxies: a comparative study between UV upturn and UV weak systems