Fluctuation Theorems for Continuous Quantum Measurement and Absolute Irreversibility
arXiv:1807.05575 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.99.022117
Abstract
Fluctuation theorems are relations constraining the out-of-equilibrium fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities like the entropy production that were initially introduced for classical or quantum systems in contact with a thermal bath. Here we show, in the absence of thermal bath, the dynamics of continuously measured quantum systems can also be described by a fluctuation theorem, expressed in terms of a recently introduced arrow of time measure. This theorem captures the emergence of irreversible behavior from microscopic reversibility in continuous quantum measurements. From this relation, we demonstrate that measurement-induced wave-function collapse exhibits absolute irreversibility, such that Jarzynski and Crooks-like equalities are violated. We apply our results to different continuous measurement schemes on a qubit: dispersive measurement, homodyne and heterodyne detection of a qubit's fluorescence.
arXiv comment12 pages, 5 figures
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