Cryogenic R5912-20Mod Photomultiplier Tube Characterization for the ProtoDUNE Dual Phase Detector

Abstract

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a dual-site experiment for long baseline neutrino oscillation studies, and for neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. The far detector is a 40-kton underground liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LAr TPC), in which the photon detector system adds precise timing capabilities. The ProtoDUNE dual phase detector will consist of a 6x6x6 m^3 LAr TPC to be operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform and the photon detection system will be formed by 8-inch cryogenic photomultipliers from Hamamatsu. The PMT model (R5912-20Mod) performance at cryogenic temperature is studied including dark current, gain, and linearity with the light intensity and pulse rate. In addition, the PMT base design is validated. At cold, a decrease of the PMT amplification, or fatigue effect, is measured as the PMT output current increases, either, due to high gain, light intensity or rate. Also, the characterisation results of the 40 photomultipliers to be used in ProtoDUNE dual phase are presented.

arXiv comment20 pages, 22 figures

References in corpus (8)

• The scintillation of liquid argon
• Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report, Volume 4 The DUNE Detectors at LBNF
• LBNO-DEMO: Large-scale neutrino detector demonstrators for phased performance assessment in view of a long-baseline oscillation experiment
• ArDM: first results from underground commissioning
• Testing of Cryogenic Photomultiplier Tubes for the MicroBooNE Experiment
• Demonstration of photomultiplier tube operation at 29 K
• Photon detection system for ProtoDUNE dual phase
• Dark Rate of a Photomultiplier at Cryogenic Temperatures

Cited by in corpus (14)

• Review of Liquid Argon Detector Technologies in the Neutrino Sector
• Scintillation Light in SBND: Simulation, Reconstruction, and Expected Performance of the Photon Detection System
• Study of scintillation light collection, production and propagation in a 4 tonne dual-phase LArTPC
• Measurement of the relative Quantum Efficiency of Hamamatsu model R5912-20MOD photomultiplier tubes at liquid argon temperature
• A Light Calibration System for the ProtoDUNE-DP Detector
• ProtoDUNE-DP Light Acquisition and Calibration Software
• Status of ProtoDUNE Dual Phase
• Impact of xenon doping in the scintillation light in a large liquid-argon TPC
• Analysis of the light production and propagation in the 4-tonne dual-phase demonstrator
• Scintillation light detection in the long-drift ProtoDUNE-DP liquid argon TPC
• Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC
• Photomultiplier Requirements and Pre-Calibration for the SABRE South Liquid Scintillator Veto
• First testing of the Hamamatsu R5912-02Mod photomultiplier tube at 4-bar pressure and cryogenic temperature
• A Simple Apparatus for Testing PMT Humidity Tolerance