Detection of the interfacial exchange field at a ferromagnetic insulator-nonmagnetic metal interface with pure spin currents

Abstract

At the interface between a nonmagnetic metal (NM) and a ferromagnetic insulator (FI) spin current can interact with the magnetization, leading to a modulation of the spin current. The interfacial exchange field at these FI-NM interfaces can be probed by placing the interface in contact with the spin transport channel of a lateral spin valve (LSV) device and observing additional spin relaxation processes. We study interfacial exchange field in lateral spin valve devices where Cu spin transport channel is in proximity with ferromagnetic insulator EuS (EuS-LSV) and yttrium iron garnet Y${}_3$Fe${}_5$O${}_{12}$ (YIG-LSV). The spin signals were compared with reference lateral spin valve devices fabricated on nonmagnetic Si/SiO${}_2$ substrate with MgO or AlO${}_x$ capping. The nonlocal spin valve signal is about 4 and 6 times lower in the EuS-LSV and YIG-LSV, respectively. The suppression in the spin signal has been attributed to enhanced surface spin-flip probability at the Cu-EuS (or Cu-YIG) interface due to interfacial spin-orbit field. Besides spin signal suppression we also found widely observed low temperature peak in the spin signal at $T\sim$30 K is shifted to higher temperature in the case of devices in contact with EuS or YIG. Temperature dependence of spin signal for different injector-detector distances reveal fluctuating exchange field at these interfaces cause additional spin decoherence which limit spin relaxation time in addition to conventional sources of spin relaxation. Our results show that temperature dependent measurement with pure spin current can be used to probe interfacial exchange field at the ferromagnetic insulator-nonmagnetic metal interface.

arXiv comment10 pages, 3 figures, accepted in Physical Review B

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Evaluation of spin diffusion length and spin Hall angle of antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Mn${}_3$Sn
• Strong interfacial exchange field in a heavy metal/ferromagnetic insulator system determined by spin Hall magnetoresistance
• Large spin-to-charge conversion at the two-dimensional interface of transition metal dichalcogenides and permalloy
• Current direction anisotropy of the spin Hall magnetoresistance in nickel ferrite thin films with bulk-like magnetic properties
• Temperature dependence of the effective spin-mixing conductance probed with lateral non-local spin valves
• Magnon currents excited by the spin Seebeck effect in ferromagnetic EuS thin films
• Electrical detection of interfacial exchange field at the (ferromagnetic insulator)|(normal metal) interface using spin-dependent scattering