Anomalous Hall effect in van der Waals bonded ferromagnet Fe${}_{3-x}$GeTe${}_2$

Abstract

We report anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in single crystals of quasi-two-dimensional Fe${}_{3-x}$GeTe${}_2$ ($x\approx 0.36$) ferromagnet grown by the flux method which induces defects on Fe site and bad metallic resistivity. Fe K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy was measured to provide information on local atomic environment in such crystals. The dc and ac magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate a second-stage transition below 119 K in addition to the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition at 153 K. A linear scaling behavior between the modified anomalous Hall resistivity ${\rho }_{xy}/{\mu }_0{H}_{eff}$ and longitudinal resistivity ${\rho }_{xx}^{2}M/{\mu }_0{H}_{eff}$ implies that the AHE in Fe${}_{3-x}$GeTe${}_2$ should be dominated by the intrinsic Karplus-Luttinger mechanism rather than the extrinsic skew-scattering and side-jump mechanisms. The observed deviation in the linear-M Hall conductivity ${\sigma }_{xy}^A$ below 30 K is in line with its transport characteristic at low temperatures, implying the scattering of conduction electrons due to magnetic disorder and the evolution of the Fermi surface induced by possible spin-reorientation transition.