Emergence of multi-body interactions in few-atom sites of a fermionic lattice clock

Abstract

Alkaline-earth (AE) atoms have metastable clock states with minute-long optical lifetimes, high-spin nuclei, and SU($N$)-symmetric interactions that uniquely position them for advancing atomic clocks, quantum information processing, and quantum simulation. The interplay of precision measurement and quantum many-body physics is beginning to foster an exciting scientific frontier with many opportunities. Few particle systems provide a window to view the emergence of complex many-body phenomena arising from pairwise interactions. Here, we create arrays of isolated few-body systems in a fermionic ${}^{87}$Sr three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice clock and use high resolution clock spectroscopy to directly observe the onset of both elastic and inelastic multi-body interactions. These interactions cannot be broken down into sums over the underlying pairwise interactions. We measure particle-number-dependent frequency shifts of the clock transition for atom numbers $n$ ranging from 1 to 5, and observe nonlinear interaction shifts, which are characteristic of SU($N$)-symmetric elastic multi-body effects. To study inelastic multi-body effects, we use these frequency shifts to isolate $n$-occupied sites and measure the corresponding lifetimes. This allows us to access the short-range few-body physics free from systematic effects encountered in a bulk gas. These measurements, combined with theory, elucidate an emergence of multi-body effects in few-body systems of sites populated with ground-state atoms and those with single electronic excitations. By connecting these few-body systems through tunneling, the favorable energy and timescales of the interactions will allow our system to be utilized for studies of high-spin quantum magnetism and the Kondo effect.

arXiv comment9 pages, 5 figures

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• Cavity-QED determination of the natural linewidth of the ${}^{87}$Sr millihertz clock transition with 30$\mu$Hz resolution
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• $Abinitio$ derivation of lattice gauge theory dynamics for cold gases in optical lattices
• Dipole-dipole frequency shifts in multilevel atoms
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• Interplay between coherent and dissipative dynamics of bosonic doublons in an optical lattice
• Subradiance of multilevel fermionic atoms in arrays with filling $n\ge 2$
• Resonant dynamics of strongly interacting SU($n$) fermionic atoms in a synthetic flux ladder
• Three-body forces and Efimov physics in nuclei and atoms
• Reshaped Three-Body Interactions and the Observation of an Efimov State in the Continuum
• Engineering infinite-range SU($n$) interactions with spin-orbit-coupled fermions in an optical lattice
• Spin qudit tomography and state reconstruction error
• Intertwining SU($N$) symmetry and frustration on a honeycomb lattice
• Quantum entropic self-localization with ultracold fermions
• Thermodynamics and static response of anomalous 1D fermions via quantum Monte Carlo in the worldline representation
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• Van der Waals molecules consisting of a zinc or cadmium atom interacting with an alkali-metal or alkaline-earth-metal atom
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• Bounding the finite-size error of quantum many-body dynamics simulations
• Engineering the Kondo impurity problem with alkaline-earth atom arrays
• Superconductivity in a Topological Lattice Model with Strong Repulsion
• Microsecond-scale high-survival and number-resolved detection of ytterbium atom arrays
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• Effective multi-body SU($N$)-symmetric interactions of ultracold fermionic atoms on a 3-D lattice
• Boosting entanglement growth of many-body localization by superpositions of disorder
• Many-body correlations in one-dimensional optical lattices with alkaline-earth(-like) atoms
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• Tripartite quantum Rabi model with trapped Rydberg ions
• Tunable Fujita-Miyazawa-Type Three-Body Force in Ultracold Atoms
• Exploring the Strongly-Interacting Regime of Effective Multi-Body Interactions in a Trapped Ultracold Atom System
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• Achieving one-dimensionality with attractive fermions
• Consensus from group interactions: An adaptive voter model on hypergraphs
• Ensemble Inequivalence in Long-Range Quantum Spin Systems
• Revealing Energy Dependence of Quantum Defects via Two Heteronuclear Atoms in an Optical Tweezer
• Differential polarizability at 1064 nm of the strontium intercombination transition
• Two-band atomic superfluidity in the presence of an orbital Feshbach resonance
• Turquoise Magic Wavelength of the ${}^{87}$Sr Clock Transition
• Heuristic machinery for thermodynamic studies of SU(N) fermions with neural networks
• Lellouch-Lüscher relation for ultracold few-atom systems under confinement
• $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ Fermi-Hubbard gas with three-body losses: symmetries and dark states