SED constraints on the highest-$z$ blazar jet: QSO J0906+6930

Abstract

We report on Gemini, NuSTAR and 8-year Fermi observations of the most distant blazar QSO~J0906$+$6930 ($z=5.48$). We construct a broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) and model the SED using a synchro-Compton model. The measurements find a $\sim 4\times 10^9{M}_{\odot }$ mass for the black hole and a spectral break at $\sim$4 keV in the combined fit of the new NuSTAR and archival Chandra data. The SED fitting constrains the bulk Doppler factor $\delta$ of the jet to $9_{-3}^{+2.5}$ for QSO~J0906$+$6930. Similar, but weaker $\delta$ constraints are derived from SED modeling of the three other claimed $z>5$ blazars. Together, these extrapolate to $\sim 620$ similar sources, fully 20\% of the optically bright, high mass AGN expected at $5<z<5.5$. This has interesting implications for the early growth of massive black holes.

arXiv comment10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (32)

• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• The Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Mission
• On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
• The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) Mission
• Atomic Data for Astrophysics. II. New Analytic Fits for Photoionization Cross Sections of Atoms and Ions
• Composite Quasar Spectra From the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• A luminous quasar at a redshift of z = 7.085
• A Survey of z>5.8 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: Discovery of Three New Quasars and the Spatial Density of Luminous Quasars at z~6
• The spectrum of isotropic diffuse gamma-ray emission between 100 MeV and 820 GeV
• The cosmological evolution of quasar black-hole masses
• CRATES: An All-Sky Survey of Flat-Spectrum Radio Sources
• Development of the Model of Galactic Interstellar Emission for Standard Point-Source Analysis of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data
• Mass Functions of the Active Black Holes in Distant Quasars from the Large Bright Quasar Survey, the Bright Quasar Survey, and the Color-Selected Sample of the SDSS Fall Equatorial Stripe
• Cosmological black hole spin evolution by mergers and accretion
• Calibration of the NuSTAR High Energy Focusing X-ray Telescope
• The Cosmic Evolution of Fermi BL Lacertae Objects
• The Luminosity Function of Fermi-detected Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars
• Rapid Variability of Blazar 3C 279 during Flaring States in 2013-2014 with Joint Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR, Swift, and Ground-Based Multi-wavelength Observations
• Black hole mass estimate for a sample of radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
• Pass 8: Toward the Full Realization of the Fermi-LAT Scientific Potential
• A Northern Survey of Gamma-Ray Blazar Candidates
• Q0906+6930: The Highest-Redshift Blazar
• Gamma-ray Blazars Within the First 2 Billion Years
• NuSTAR detection of the blazar B2 1023+25 at redshift 5.3
• Broadband Observations of High Redshift Blazars
• The Spectral Energy Distribution of the High-Z Blazar Q0906+693
• SDSS J114657.79+403708.6: the third most distant blazar at z=5.0
• Extremes of the jet-accretion power relation of blazars, as explored by NuSTAR
• SDSS J013127.34-032100.1: a candidate blazar with a 11 billion solar mass black hole at $z$=5.18
• NuSTAR and multifrequency study of the two high-redshift blazars S5 0836+710 and PKS 2149-306
• J0906+6930: a radio-loud quasar in the early Universe
• The Multifrequency Campaign on 3C 279 in January 2006

Cited by in corpus (13)

• The discovery of a highly accreting, radio-loud quasar at z=6.82
• Probing Blazar Emission Processes with Optical/Gamma-ray Flare Correlations
• Evolving parsec-scale radio structure in the most distant blazar known
• Blazars at the Cosmic Dawn
• The space density of z>4 blazars
• The evolution of the heaviest super-massive black-holes in jetted AGNs
• BASS XXXIII: Swift-BAT blazars and their jets through cosmic time
• Multi-wavelength variability of CGRaBS J0733+0456: identifying a distant $\gamma$-ray blazar at z = 3.01
• X-ray constraints on the spectral energy distribution of the $z=5.18$ blazar SDSS J013127.34-032100.1
• Spectral variability of the blazar 3C 279 in the optical to X-ray band during 2009-2018
• Detections of simultaneous brightening of gamma-ray and optical emissions of a distant blazar GB 1508+5714 at redshift 4.3
• Awakening of two $\gamma$-ray high redshift flat-spectrum radio quasars in the southern hemisphere
• Cosmological test using the high-redshift detection rate of FSRQs with the Square Kilometer Array