X-ray Light Curve and Spectra of Shock Breakout in a Wind

Abstract

We investigate the properties of X-ray emission from shock breakout of a supernova in a stellar wind. We consider a simple model describing aspherical explosions, in which the shock front with an ellipsoidal shape propagates into the dense circumstellar matter. For this model, both X-ray light curves and spectra are simultaneously calculated using a Monte Carlo method. We show that the shock breakout occurs simultaneously in all directions in a steady and spherically symmetric wind. As a result, even for the aspherical explosion, the rise and decay timescales of the light curve do not significantly depend on the viewing angles. This fact suggests that the light curve of the shock breakout may be used as a probe of the wind mass loss rate. We compare our results with the observed spectrum and light curve of XRO 080109/SN 2008D. The observation can be reproduced by an explosion with a shock velocity of 60% of the speed of light and a circumstellar matter with a mass loss rate of 5.e-4 Msun/yr.

11 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (8)

• From Shock Breakout to Peak and Beyond: Extensive Panchromatic Observations of the Type Ib Supernova 2008D associated with Swift X-ray Transient 080109
• The metamorphosis of Supernova SN2008D/XRF080109: a link between Supernovae and GRBs/Hypernovae
• Nebular Phase Observations of the Type Ib Supernova 2008D/X-ray Transient 080109: Side-Viewed Bipolar Explosion
• Nonthermal gamma-ray and X-ray flashes from shock breakout in gamma-ray bursts/supernovae
• SN 2008D: A Wolf-Rayet explosion through a thick wind
• The X-Ray Transient 080109 in NGC 2770: an X-Ray Flash Associated with a Normal Core-Collapse Supernova
• 2D radiaition-hydrodynamic simulations of supernova shock breakout in bipolar explosions of a blue supergiant progenitor
• Oblique Shock Breakout in Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts: II. Numerical Solutions For Non-Relativistic Pattern Speeds

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Relativistic supernova ejecta colliding with a circumstellar medium: an application to the low-luminosity GRB 171205A
• Revisiting GRB 060218: new insights into low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts from a revised shock breakout model
• An unexplored regime of shock breakout with a distinct spectral signature