Evidence for eccentric, precessing gaseous debris in the circumstellar absorption towards WD 1145+017

Abstract

We present time-series spectra revealing changes in the circumstellar line profiles for the white dwarf WD 1145+017. Over the course of 2.2 years, the spectra show complete velocity reversals in the circumstellar absorption, moving from strongly red-shifted in 2015 April to strongly blue-shifted in 2017 June. The depth of the absorption also varies, increasing by a factor of two over the same period. The dramatic changes in the line profiles are consistent with eccentric circumstellar gas rings undergoing general relativistic precession. As the argument of periapsis of the rings change relative to the line of sight, the transiting gas shifts from receding in 2016 to approaching in 2017. Based on the precession timescales in the favored model, we make predictions for the line profiles over the next few years. Spectroscopic monitoring of WD 1145+017 will test these projections and aid in developing more accurate white dwarf accretion disk models.

8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. Email pwcauley at gmail.com for an animation of the ring complex

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• The frequency of planetary debris around young white dwarfs
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• The dust never settles: collisional production of gas and dust in evolved planetary systems
• Modeling of the Variable Circumstellar Absorption Features of WD 1145+017
• The lifetimes of planetary debris discs around white dwarfs
• Orbital relaxation and excitation of planets tidally interacting with white dwarfs
• Shallow Ultraviolet Transits of WD 1145+017
• Hamiltonian hydrodynamics of eccentric discs
• Survivability of radio-loud planetary cores orbiting white dwarfs
• Focusing of nonlinear eccentric waves in astrophysical discs