The Ultra-Fast Outflow of the Quasar PG 1211+143 as Viewed by Time-Averaged Chandra Grating Spectroscopy

Abstract

We present a detailed X-ray spectral study of the quasar PG 1211+143 based on Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS) observations collected in a multi-wavelength campaign with UV data using the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (HST-COS) and radio bands using the Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). We constructed a multi-wavelength ionizing spectral energy distribution using these observations and archival infrared data to create XSTAR photoionization models specific to the PG 1211+143 flux behavior during the epoch of our observations. Our analysis of the Chandra-HETGS spectra yields complex absorption lines from H-like and He-like ions of Ne, Mg and Si which confirm the presence of an ultra-fast outflow (UFO) with a velocity ~ $-$17,300 km s${}^{-1}$ (outflow redshift $z_{\mathrm{out}}$ ~ $-$0.0561) in the rest frame of PG 1211+143. This absorber is well described by an ionization parameter $\log \xi$ ~ 2.9 erg s${}^{-1}$ cm and column density $\log N_{\mathrm{H}}$ ~ 21.5 cm${}^{-2}$. This corresponds to a stable region of the absorber's thermal stability curve, and furthermore its implied neutral hydrogen column is broadly consistent with a broad Ly$\alpha$ absorption line at a mean outflow velocity of ~ $-$16,980 km s${}^{-1}$ detected by our HST-COS observations. Our findings represent the first simultaneous detection of a UFO in both X-ray and UV observations. Our VLA observations provide evidence for an active jet in PG 1211+143, which may be connected to the X-ray and UV outflows; this possibility can be evaluated using very-long-baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations.

17 pages, 10 figures, published in The Astrophysical Journal, proof corrections applied

References in corpus (18)

• Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. II. Swift and HST Reverberation Mapping of the Accretion Disk of NGC 5548
• Black hole feedback in the luminous quasar PDS 456
• The Low-z Intergalactic Medium. III. HI and Metal Absorbers at z<0.4
• Ultra-fast outflows in radio-loud active galactic nuclei
• The response of relativistic outflowing gas to the inner accretion disk of a black hole
• From ultraluminous X-ray sources to ultraluminous supersoft sources: NGC 55 ULX, the missing link
• Spectrum Synthesis Modeling of the X-ray Spectrum of GRO J1655-40 Taken During the 2005 Outburst
• Magnetically-Driven Accretion-Disk Winds and Ultra-Fast Outflows in PG1211+143
• Evidence for a radiatively driven disc-wind in PDS 456?
• Confirming the high velocity outflow in PG 1211+143
• Relativistic blue- and red-shifted absorption lines in AGNs
• Revealing the ultra-fast outflow in IRAS 13224-3809 through spectral variability
• NuSTAR Reveals Relativistic Reflection But No Ultra-Fast Outflow In The Quasar PG 1211+143
• Intrinsic Absorption Properties in Active Galaxies Observed with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer
• Is the X-ray spectrum of the narrow emission line QSO PG1211+143 defined by its energetic outflow?
• Discovery of an Ultraviolet Counterpart to an Ultra-Fast X-ray Outflow in the Quasar PG1211+143
• Testing relativistic reflection and resolving outflows in PG 1211+143 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR
• MPI_XSTAR: MPI-based Parallelization of the XSTAR Photoionization Program

Cited by in corpus (29)

• Ionized outflows from active galactic nuclei as the essential elements of feedback
• Modelling of the quasar main sequence in the optical plane
• Searching for Ultra-fast Outflows in AGN using Variability Spectra
• Resolving the soft X-ray ultra fast outflow in PDS 456
• Monitoring AGNs with H$\beta$ Asymmetry. III. Long-term Reverberation Mapping Results of 15 Palomar-Green Quasars
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500-1050 Å Rest Frame: I. The Most Energetic Outflows in the Universe and Other Discoveries
• Thermal stability of winds driven by radiation pressure in super-Eddington accretion disks
• Relativistic components of the Ultra-Fast Outflow in the Quasar PDS 456 from Chandra/HETGS, NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations
• Discovery of an Ultraviolet Counterpart to an Ultra-Fast X-ray Outflow in the Quasar PG1211+143
• SDSS J075101.42+291419.1: A Super-Eddington Accreting Quasar with Extreme X-ray Variability
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500 -- 1050 Å Rest Frame: IV. The Largest Broad Absorption Line Acceleration
• Resolving the X-ray obscuration in a low flux observation of the quasar PDS 456
• Galactic Winds across the Gas-Rich Merger Sequence: I. Highly Ionized N V and O VI Outflows in the QUEST Quasars
• Magnetohydrodynamic Winds Driven by the Line Force from the Standard Thin Disk around Supermassive Black Holes. I. The Case of Weak Magnetic Field
• A deep, multi-epoch Chandra HETG study of the ionized outflow from NGC 4051
• Long-term X-ray Variability of the Symbiotic System RT Cru based on Chandra Spectroscopy
• A systematic study of the ultra-fast outflow responses to luminosity variations in active galactic nuclei
• Delving into the depths of NGC 3783 with XRISM III. Birth of an ultrafast outflow during a soft flare
• Constraining the geometry of AGN outflows with reflection spectroscopy
• A Search for H I Lyman $\alpha$ Counterparts to Ultra-Fast X-ray Outflows
• X-ray Variability in the Symbiotic Binary RT Cru: Principal Component Analysis
• On the Origin of the Dramatic Spectral Variability of WPVS 007
• Multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 509. XVI. Continued HST/COS monitoring of the far-ultraviolet spectrum
• Relativistic Reflection Modeling in AGN and Related Variability from PCA: A Brief Review
• Effects of ultra-fast outflows on X-ray time lags in AGN
• Disentangling the X-ray variability in the Lyman continuum emitter Haro 11
• Leveraging High Resolution Spectra to Understand Black Hole Spectra
• Accretion-disk reflection in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3783 as viewed by Chandra grating spectroscopy
• Winds Versus Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei