paper

Probing cosmic anisotropy with gravitational waves as standard sirens

arXiv:1712.00952 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.97.103005

Abstract

The gravitational wave (GW) as a standard siren directly determines the luminosity distance from the gravitational waveform without reference to the specific cosmological model, of which the redshift can be obtained separately by means of the electromagnetic counterpart like GW events from binary neutron stars and massive black hole binaries (MBHBs). To see to what extent the standard siren can reproduce the presumed dipole anisotropy written in the simulated data of standard siren events from typical configurations of GW detectors, we find that (1) for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna with different MBHB models during five-year observations, the cosmic isotropy can be ruled out at confidence level (C.L.) and the dipole direction can be constrained roughly around at C.L., as long as the dipole amplitude is larger than , and for MBHB models Q3d, pop III and Q3nod with increasing constraining ability, respectively; (2) for Einstein Telescope with no less than standard siren events, the cosmic isotropy can be ruled out at C.L. if the dipole amplitude is larger than , and the dipole direction can be constrained within at C.L. if the dipole amplitude is near ; (3) for the Deci-Hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory with no less than standard siren events, the cosmic isotropy can be ruled out at C.L. for dipole amplitude larger than , and the dipole direction can even be constrained within at C.L. if the dipole amplitude is larger than . Our work manifests the promising perspective of the constraint ability on the cosmic anisotropy from the standard siren approach.

v1, 10 pages, 4 figures, two columns; v2, 10 pages, 4 figures, Phys.Rev.D accepted, to match the published version, added discussion on the effect of detectors' rotations for LISA

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