Revealing missing charges with generalised quantum fluctuation relations

Abstract

The non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems is one of the most fascinating problems in physics. Open questions range from how they relax to equilibrium to how to extract useful work from them. A critical point lies in assessing whether a system has conserved quantities (or 'charges'), as these can drastically influence its dynamics. Here we propose a general protocol to reveal the existence of charges based on a set of exact relations between out-of-equilibrium fluctuations and equilibrium properties of a quantum system. We apply these generalised quantum fluctuation relations to a driven quantum simulator, demonstrating their relevance to obtain unbiased temperature estimates from non-equilibrium measurements. Our findings will help guide research on the interplay of quantum and thermal fluctuations in quantum simulation, in studying the transition from integrability to chaos and in the design of new quantum devices.

v3: substantially improved presentation and discussion, matches published version; accompanied by numerical data in figures

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Cited by in corpus (18)

• Introduction to the Dicke model: from equilibrium to nonequilibrium, and vice versa
• Heating-Induced Long-Range $\eta$-Pairing in the Hubbard Model
• A robust entangling gate for polar molecules using magnetic and microwave fields
• Non-Abelian eigenstate thermalization hypothesis
• Noncommuting conserved quantities in quantum many-body thermalization
• Experimental observation of thermalization with noncommuting charges
• Non-Abelian Quantum Transport and Thermosqueezing Effects
• Equilibration of Quasi-Integrable Systems
• Constant of motion identifying excited-state quantum phases
• How to build Hamiltonians that transport noncommuting charges in quantum thermodynamics
• Chaos in a deformed Dicke model
• Anomalous spin-charge separation in a driven Hubbard system
• The role of quantum work statistics in many-body physics
• Fluctuation Theorem for Quasi-Integrable Systems
• Fluctuations of work in realistic equilibrium states of quantum systems with conserved quantities
• Controlling magnetic correlations in a driven Hubbard system far from half-filling
• Experimental observation of phase transitions of a deformed Dicke model using a reconfigurable, bi-parametric electronic platform
• Universal Statistics of Charges Exchanges in Non-Abelian Quantum Transport