Thermometry of ultracold atoms via non-equilibrium work distributions

Abstract

Estimating the temperature of a cold quantum system is difficult. Usually, one measures a well-understood thermal state and uses that prior knowledge to infer its temperature. In contrast, we introduce a method of thermometry that assumes minimal knowledge of the state of a system and is potentially non-destructive. Our method uses a universal temperature-dependence of the quench dynamics of an initially thermal system coupled to a qubit probe that follows from the Tasaki-Crooks theorem for non-equilibrium work distributions. We provide examples for a cold-atom system, in which our thermometry protocol may retain accuracy and precision at subnanokelvin temperatures.

Updated to published version. 6 pages plus 11 pages of supplemental material, and some numerical data

References in corpus (16)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• The density-matrix renormalization group in the age of matrix product states
• Real time evolution using the density matrix renormalization group
• Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Matrix Product Density Operators: Simulation of finite-T and dissipative systems
• The role of quantum information in thermodynamics --- a topical review
• Experimental Test of Quantum Jarzynski Equality with a Trapped Ion System
• Individual quantum probes for optimal thermometry
• Gibbons-Hawking Effect in the Sonic de Sitter Space-Time of an Expanding Bose-Einstein-Condensed Gas
• Quantum transport through a Tonks-Girardeau gas
• Work measurement as a generalized quantum measurement
• Employing trapped cold ions to verify the quantum Jarzynski equality
• Coherent Interaction of a Single Fermion with a Small Bosonic Field
• Measuring work and heat in ultracold quantum gases
• Dynamical simulations of classical stochastic systems using matrix product states
• Non-destructive selective probing of phononic excitations in a cold Bose gas using impurities

Cited by in corpus (45)

• Thermometry in the quantum regime: Recent theoretical progress
• Quantum Thermal Machine as a Thermometer
• In situ thermometry of a cold Fermi gas via dephasing impurities
• Low-temperature thermometry can be enhanced by strong coupling
• Quantum thermometry by single-qubit dephasing
• Single-atom quantum probes for ultracold gases using nonequilibrium spin dynamics
• Fundamental limits on low-temperature quantum thermometry with finite resolution
• Bridging thermodynamics and metrology in non-equilibrium Quantum Thermometry
• Quantum Simulation of single-qubit thermometry using linear optics
• Energy-temperature uncertainty relation in quantum thermodynamics
• Probing the spectral density of a dissipative qubit via quantum synchronization
• Tight bound on finite-resolution quantum thermometry at low temperatures
• Measuring correlations of cold atom systems using multiple quantum probes
• Cavity-mediated unconventional pairing in ultracold fermionic atoms
• Optimal cold atom thermometry using adaptive Bayesian strategies
• Coherent and dephasing spectroscopy for single-impurity probing of an ultracold bath
• Multi-spin probes for thermometry in the strong-coupling regime
• Taking the temperature of a pure quantum state
• Quantum sensing of temperature close to absolute zero in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Momentum-Resolved and Correlations Spectroscopy Using Quantum Probes
• Revealing missing charges with generalised quantum fluctuation relations
• Bose-Hubbard lattice as a controllable environment for open quantum systems
• Probing the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of two interacting atoms
• Machine classification for probe based quantum thermometry
• Probing the dynamic structure factor of a neutral Fermi superfluid along the BCS-BEC crossover using atomic impurity qubits
• Role of thermal two-phonon scattering for impurity dynamics in a low-dimensional BEC
• Thermometry by correlated dephasing of impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
• Quantum probe spectroscopy for cold atomic systems
• Quantum thermometry in a squeezed thermal bath
• Memory effects in a quasi-periodic Fermi lattice
• Energy measurements remain thermometrically optimal beyond weak coupling
• The role of quantum work statistics in many-body physics
• Statistics of orthogonality catastrophe events in localised disordered lattices
• Read-out of Quasi-periodic Systems using Qubits
• Entropic Fluctuations in Statistical Mechanics II. Quantum Dynamical Systems
• Ancilla-assisted measurement of quantum work
• Interacting electrons in a flat-band system within the Generalized Kadanoff-Baym Ansatz
• Coherence-enhanced single-qubit thermometry out of equilibrium
• Fidelity of dynamical maps
• Correlated decoherence and thermometry with mobile impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
• Heat operator approach to quantum stochastic thermodynamics in the strong-coupling regime
• Non-destructively probing the thermodynamics of quantum systems with qumodes
• Orthogonalization speed-up from quantum coherence after a sudden quench
• Miniatures on Open Quantum Systems
• Nonequilibrium thermometry via an ensemble of initially correlated qubits