On the observability of Pauli crystals

Abstract

The best known manifestation of the Fermi-Dirac statistics is the Pauli exclusion principle: no two identical fermions can occupy the same one-particle state. This principle enforces high order correlations in systems of many identical fermions and is responsible for a particular geometric arrangement of trapped particles even when all mutual interactions are absent [1]. These geometric structures, called Pauli crystals, are predicted for a system of $N$ identical atoms trapped in a harmonic potential. They emerge as the most frequent configurations in a collection of single-shot pictures of the system. Here we study how fragile Pauli crystals are when realistic experimental limitations are taken into account. The influence of the number of single-shots pictures available to analysis, thermal fluctuations and finite efficiency of detection are considered. The role of these sources of noise on the possibility of experimental observation of Pauli crystals is shown and conditions necessary for the detection of the geometrical arrangements of particles are identified.

arXiv comment11 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (24)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Cold bosonic atoms in optical lattices
• Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices: mimicking condensed matter physics and beyond
• A quantum gas microscope - detecting single atoms in a Hubbard regime optical lattice
• Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
• A Mott insulator of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice
• Probing the Superfluid to Mott Insulator Transition at the Single Atom Level
• Single-Spin Addressing in an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Topological Quantum Matter with Ultracold Gases in Optical Lattices
• Deterministic Preparation of a Tunable Few-Fermion System
• Single-atom imaging of fermions in a quantum-gas microscope
• A Quantum Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms
• Observation of Spatial Charge and Spin Correlations in the 2D Fermi-Hubbard Model
• From Few to Many: Observing the Formation of a Fermi Sea One Atom at a Time
• Site-resolved Imaging of Fermionic Lithium-6 in an Optical Lattice
• Dynamical crystallization in a low-dimensional Rydberg gas
• Few-body physics with ultracold atomic and molecular systems in traps
• Radio-frequency dressed state potentials for neutral atoms
• Imaging and addressing of individual fermionic atoms in an optical lattice
• Observation of 2D fermionic Mott insulators of ${}^{40}$K with single-site resolution
• Single shot simulations of dynamic quantum many-body systems
• Lieb-Liniger model: emergence of dark solitons in the course of measurements of particle positions
• Single shot imaging of trapped Fermi gas

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Observation of Pauli Crystals
• Counting statistics for non-interacting fermions in a rotating trap
• Universal tetramer and pentamer in two-dimensional fermionic mixtures
• Continuous simultaneous measurement of position and momentum of a particle
• Pauli crystal melting in shaken optical traps
• Statistical interaction description of Pauli crystals in two-dimensional systems of harmonically confined fermions
• Pauli crystals -- interplay of symmetries
• Pauli crystal superradiance
• Optimized Observable Readout from Single-shot Images of Ultracold Atoms via Machine Learning
• Optimal configurations and "Pauli crystals" of quantum clusters