Attractive vs. repulsive interactions in the Bose-Einstein condensation dynamics of relativistic field theories
arXiv:1707.07696 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.96.076020
Abstract
We study the impact of attractive self-interactions on the nonequilibrium dynamics of relativistic quantum fields with large occupancies at low momenta. Our primary focus is on Bose-Einstein condensation and nonthermal fixed points in such systems. As a model system we consider O(N)-symmetric scalar field theories. We use classical-statistical real-time simulations, as well as a systematic 1/N expansion of the quantum (2PI) effective action to next-to-leading order. When the mean self-interactions are repulsive, condensation occurs as a consequence of a universal inverse particle cascade to the zero-momentum mode with self-similar scaling behavior. For attractive mean self-interactions the inverse cascade is absent and the particle annihilation rate is enhanced compared to the repulsive case, which counteracts the formation of coherent field configurations. For N >= 2, the presence of a nonvanishing conserved charge can suppress number changing processes and lead to the formation of stable localized charge clumps, i.e. Q-balls.
30 pages, 8 figures, minor revision, published version
References in corpus (41)
- The Standard Model Higgs boson as the inflaton
- Reheating after Inflation
- Hybrid Inflation
- Bose-Einstein Condensation of Dark Matter Axions
- Classical decay of inflaton
- Do Dark Matter Axions Form a Condensate with Long-Range Correlation?
- Non-thermal fixed points: effective weak-coupling for strongly correlated systems far from equilibrium
- Turbulent Thermalization
- Controlled nonperturbative dynamics of quantum fields out of equilibrium
- Far-from-equilibrium dynamics with broken symmetries from the 2PI-1/N expansion
- A High Resolution Search for Dark-Matter Axions
- Cosmic axion thermalization
- Inflaton Fragmentation and Oscillon Formation in Three Dimensions
- Nonequilibrium time evolution of the spectral function in quantum field theory
- Nonthermal fixed points and the functional renormalization group
- Universal self-similar dynamics of relativistic and nonrelativistic field theories near nonthermal fixed points
- Universality far from equilibrium: From superfluid Bose gases to heavy-ion collisions
- Bose condensation far from equilibrium
- Basin of attraction for turbulent thermalization and the range of validity of classical-statistical simulations
- Analytical and numerical properties of Q-balls
- The Boltzmann Equation in Classical and Quantum Field Theory
- Strong versus weak wave-turbulence in relativistic field theory
- Axions: Bose Einstein Condensate or Classical Field?
- An Antenna for Directional Detection of WISPy Dark Matter
- On Thermalization in Classical Scalar Field Theory
- Range of validity of transport equations
- Nonequilibrium fixed points in longitudinally expanding scalar theories: infrared cascade, Bose condensation and a challenge for kinetic theory
- Axion Dark Matter and Cosmological Parameters
- Axions and the Galactic Angular Momentum Distribution
- Bose Einstein condensation of the classical axion field in cosmology?
- Non-renormalizability of the classical statistical approximation
- Far from equilibrium dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensation for Axion Dark Matter
- Direct detection of dark matter axions with directional sensitivity
- Nonthermal Fixed Points in Quantum Field Theory Beyond the Weak-Coupling Limit
- Evolution and thermalization of dark matter axions in the condensed regime
- Condensates in Relativistic Scalar Theories
- Effective gravitational interactions of dark matter axions
- Properties of the Boltzmann equation in the classical approximation
- Quantum Dew
- Thermalization of overpopulated systems in the 2PI formalism
- An argument that the dark matter is axions
Cited by in corpus (16)
- Kinetic theory of non-thermal fixed points in a Bose gas
- Large-N kinetic theory for highly occupied systems
- Non-thermal fixed points: Universal dynamics far from equilibrium
- Foamy Dark Matter from Monodromies
- Off-equilibrium infrared structure of self-interacting scalar fields: Universal scaling, Vortex-antivortex superfluid dynamics and Bose-Einstein condensation
- Analog cosmological reheating in an ultracold Bose gas
- Non-equilibrium Quantum Spin Dynamics from 2PI Functional Integral Techniques in the Schwinger Boson Representation
- Universal dynamics and non-thermal fixed points in quantum fluids far from equilibrium
- Gravitational self-interactions of a degenerate quantum scalar field
- Far from equilibrium field theory for strongly coupled light and matter: dynamics of frustrated multi-mode cavity QED
- Broad excitations in a 2+1D overoccupied gluon plasma
- Real scalar field, non-relativistic limit, and cosmological expansion
- Detecting defect dynamics in relativistic field theories far from equilibrium using topological data analysis
- Kelvin waves in nonequilibrium universal dynamics of relativistic scalar field theories
- Anomalous non-thermal fixed point in a quasi-two-dimensional dipolar Bose gas
- Duration of Classicality of Homogeneous Condensates with Attractive Interactions