Rydberg Electrometry for Optical Lattice Clocks

Abstract

Electrometry is performed using Rydberg states to evaluate the quadratic Stark shift of the $5s^2$ ${}^1{\text{S}}_0-5s5p$ ${}^3{\text{P}}_0$ clock transition in strontium. By measuring the Stark shift of the highly excited $5s75d{}^1{\text{D}}_2$ state using electromagnetically induced transparency, we characterize the electric field with sufficient precision to provide tight constraints on the systematic shift to the clock transition. Using the theoretically derived, and experimentally verified, polarizability for this Rydberg state we can measure the residual field with an uncertainty well below $1\text{V}{\text{m}}^{-1}$. This resolution allows us to constrain the fractional frequency uncertainty of the quadratic Stark shift of the clock transition to $2\times 10^{-20}$.

7 pages, 5 figures

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• Preparation of Long-Lived, Non-Autoionizing Circular Rydberg States of Strontium
• Laser and microwave spectroscopy of even-parity Rydberg states of neutral ytterbium and Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory analysis
• Compact laser system for a laser-cooled ytterbium ion microwave frequency standard
• Faraday-shielded, DC Stark-free optical lattice clock
• Number-resolved imaging of ${}^{88}$Sr atoms in a long working distance optical tweezer
• Transition frequency measurement of highly excited Rydberg states of 87Rb for a wide range of principal quantum numbers
• Long-range $CC\Phi$ gates via radio-frequency-induced Förster resonances