Temporal and Periodic Variations of Sunspot Counts in Flaring and Non-flaring Active Regions

Abstract

We analyzed temporal and periodic behavior of sunspot counts (SSCs) in flaring (C, M, or X class flares), and non-flaring active regions (ARs) for the almost two solar cycles (1996 through 2016). Our main findings are as follows: i) The temporal variation of monthly means of daily total SSCs in flaring and non-flaring ARs are different and these differences are also varying from cycle to cycle; temporal profile of non-flaring ARs are wider than the flaring ones during the solar cycle 23, while they are almost the same during the current cycle 24. The second peak (second maximum) of flaring ARs are strongly dominate during current cycle 24, while this difference is not such a remarkable during cycle 23. The amplitude of SSCs in the non-flaring ARs are comparable during the first and second peaks (maxima) of the current solar cycle, while the first peak is almost not existent in case of the flaring ARs. ii) Periodic variations observed in SSCs of flaring and non-flaring ARs are quite different in both MTM spectrum and wavelet scalograms and these variations are also different from one cycle to another; the largest detected period in the flaring ARs is 113 days, while there are much higher periodicities (327, 312, and 256 days) in non-flaring ARs. There are no meaningful periodicities in MTM spectrum of flaring ARs exceeding 45 days during solar cycle 24, while a 113 days periodicity detected from flaring ARs of solar cycle 23. For the non-flaring ARs the largest period is 72 days during solar cycle 24, while the largest period is 327 days during current cycle.

arXiv commentSubmitted to Solar Physics, 17 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (19)

• Solar surface emerging flux regions: a comparative study of radiative MHD modeling and Hinode SOT observations
• Predicting the Sun's Polar Magnetic Fields with a Surface Flux Transport Model
• Solar Cycle Prediction
• Periodicities in Solar Coronal Mass Ejections
• Multi-wavelength observations of 3C 279 during the extremely bright gamma-ray flare in 2014 March-April
• Time Distributions of Large and Small Sunspot Groups Over Four Solar Cycles
• Formation of starspots in self-consistent global dynamo models: Polar spots on cool stars
• Wavelet entropy as a measure of solar cycle complexity
• Sunspot Count Periodicities in Different Zurich Sunspot Group Classes since 1986
• Periodicities in data observed during the minimum and the rising phase of solar cycle 23; years 1996 - 1999
• Magnetic concentrations in stratified turbulence: the negative effective magnetic pressure instability
• Development of active regions: flows, magnetic-field patterns and bordering effect
• Doubts about the crucial role of the rising-tube mechanism in the formation of sunspot groups
• Effects of anisotropy of turbulent convection in mean-field solar dynamo models
• Dependence of magnetic cycle parameters on period of rotation in nonlinear solar-type dynamos
• Multi-scale comparative spectral analysis of satellite total solar irradiance measurements from 2003 to 2013 reveals a planetary modulation of solar activity and its non-linear dependence on the 11-year solar cycle
• Long-term temporal variations in the areas of sunspot groups
• Active Latitude Oscillations Observed on the Sun
• Estimating electric current densities in solar active regions

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Solar cycle prediction
• Systematic Regularity of Solar Coronal Rotation During the Time Interval 1939-2019
• Nearly Century-scale Variation of the Sun's Radius
• On the Distinct Periodicities of Sunspot Counts in Flaring and Non-flaring Active Regions