Improved constraints on monopole-dipole interaction mediated by pseudo-scalar bosons

Abstract

We present a more stringent upper limit on long-range axion-mediated forces obtained by the QUAX-g${}_p$g${}_s$ experiment, located at the INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. We investigate the possible coupling between the electron spins of a paramagnetic GSO crystal and unpolarized nucleons of lead disks by measuring variations of GSO magnetization with a dc-SQUID magnetometer. Such an induced magnetization can be interpreted as the effect of a long-range spin dependent interaction mediated by axions or Axion Like Particles (ALPs). The corresponding coupling strength is proportional to the CP violating term $g_p^e{g}_s^N$, i.e. the product of the pseudoscalar and scalar coupling constants of electron and nucleon, respectively. Previous upper limits are improved by one order of magnitude, namely $g_p^e{g}_s^N/(\hslash c)\le 4.3\times 10^{-30}$ at 95% confidence level, in the interaction range $10^{-3}$ m $<{\lambda }_a<0.2$ m. We eventually discuss our plans to improve the QUAX-g${}_p$g${}_s$ sensitivity by a few orders of magnitude, which will allow us to investigate the $\vartheta \simeq 10^{-10}$ range of CP-violating parameter and test some QCD axion models.

13 pages, 6 figures, Physics Letters B, 2017

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• Resonant detection of axion mediated forces with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• Limits on a CP-violating scalar axion-nucleon interaction
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