Search of spin-dependent fifth forces with precision magnetometry

Abstract

Spin-dependent fifth-forces are associated with particles beyond the standard model. In particular, light pseudo-scalar bosons mediate long-range forces, allowing mass to interact with spins. The search of these interactions can be performed by periodically varying the distance between a source mass and a spin ensemble, in order to modulate the force intensity and detect it with precision magnetometry techniques. In our setup the force arises from room temperature lead masses and is detected in a paramagnetic crystal at 4.2\,K, whose magnetisation is monitored by a SQUID-based magnetometer with the sensitivity of $53aT/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$. Our measurement places the most stringent constraints on a spin-mass interaction in the ranges 1\,cm to 10\,m and 10\,km to 300\,km, improving existing limits up to more than two orders of magnitude. We show that this experimental technique may be further leveraged to explore a vast region of the fifth force's parameter space, with an interaction range longer than a few centimetres.

5 figures, 10 pages

References in corpus (6)

• Resonant detection of axion mediated forces with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• Preferred-Frame and CP-Violation Tests with Polarized Electrons
• Calculation of Magnetic Field Noise from High-Permeability Magnetic Shields and Conducting Objects with Simple Geometry
• Limits on a CP-violating scalar axion-nucleon interaction
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• Search for exotic short-range interactions using paramagnetic insulators

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Spin-dependent exotic interactions
• New Experimental Limits on Exotic Spin- and Velocity-dependent Interactions Using Rotationally Modulated Source-masses and an Atomic-magnetometer Array
• From axion quality and naturalness problems to a high-quality ${\mathbb{Z}}_N$ QCD relaxion
• Searching for axion forces with spin precession in atoms and molecules
• Searching for Exotic Spin-Dependent Interactions Using Rotationally Modulated Source Masses and an Atomic Magnetometer Array
• Effects of gravitational waves on electromagnetic fields
• Axion Window on New Macroscopic Forces
• Potential of constraining the Fifth Force Using the Earth as a Spin and Mass Source from space
• Ultralight Dark Matter from the Edge of Field Space
• Testing the Fifth Force on Lepton Spins through Neutrino Oscillations